Metropolitan area

 ( Cities ) 

A metropolitan area or metro is a region consisting of a densely populated urban area and its surrounding territories which share industries, , transport network, and housing.

Squires, G. Ed. Urban Sprawl: Causes, Consequences, & Policy Responses. (The urban Institute Press (2002) A metropolitan area usually comprises multiple Principal city, and Municipality: Neighbourhood, , , City, , , , County, and even states and in areas like the . As social, economic and political institutions have changed, metropolitan areas have become key economic and political regions. of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the United States and one of the largest in the world, with Long Island in the east and Manhattan at the center of the densest part of the image]]In the United States, metropolitan areas are delineated around the Urban Area of a core based statistical area, which is defined as an urban area and includes central and outlying counties. In other countries metropolitan areas are sometimes anchored by one Core city such as the Paris metropolitan area (Paris). In other cases, metropolitan areas contain multiple centers of equal or close to equal importance, especially in the United States; for example, the Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan area has eight principal cities. The Islamabad–Rawalpindi metropolitan area in Pakistan, the Rhine-Ruhr in Germany, and the Randstad in The Netherlands are other examples.

In the United States, the concept of metropolitan statistical areas has gained prominence. The area of the Greater Washington metropolitan area is an example of statistically grouping independent cities and county areas from various states to form a larger city because of proximity, history, and recent Urban area convergence. Metropolitan areas may themselves be part of a greater megalopolis. For urban centres located outside metropolitan areas that generate a similar attraction at a smaller scale for a region, the concept of a regiopolis and a respective regiopolitan area, or regio, was introduced by German professors in 2006.Iris Reuther (FG Stadt- und Regionalplanung, Universität Kassel): Presentation "Regiopole Rostock". 11 December 2001, retrieved 13 June 2009 (pdf). In the United States, the term micropolitan statistical area is used.

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Definition A metropolitan area combines an urban agglomeration with the contiguous built-up areas, which are not necessarily urban in character but are closely bound to the center by employment or other commerce. These outlying zones are sometimes known as a commuter belt and may extend well beyond the urban zone to other political entities. For example, East Hampton, New York, on Long Island is considered part of the New York metropolitan area.

In 2020, the European Commission, the Food and Agriculture Organization, the United Nations Human Settlements Programme, the International Labour Organization, the OECD, and the World Bank have agreed on a common methodological framework for delimitation of urban and rural areas, which contains a definition of metropolitan areas called the Functional urban area.

It is defined as a city and its commuting zone, which is a contiguous area of spatial units that have at least 15% of their employed residents working in the city.

European Union/FAO/UN-Habitat/OECD/The World Bank (2025). 9789276203063, Publications Office of the European Union. . ISBN 9789276203063

In practice, the parameters of metropolitan areas, in both official and unofficial usage, are not consistent. Sometimes they are little different from an urban area, and in other cases, they cover broad regions that have little relation to a single urban settlement; comparative statistics for metropolitan areas should take this into account. The term metropolitan can also refer to a county-level municipal government structure, with some shared services between a central city and its suburbs, which may or may not include the entirety of a metropolitan area. Population figures given for one metro area can vary by millions.

There has been no significant change in the basic concept of metropolitan areas since its adoption in 1950, although significant changes in geographic distributions have occurred since then, and more are expected. Because of the fluidity of the term "metropolitan statistical area", the term used colloquially is more often "metro service area", "metro area", or "MSA", taken to include not only a city but also the surrounding suburban, exurban and sometimes rural areas, all of which the city is presumed to influence. A polycentric metropolitan area contains multiple urban agglomerations not connected by continuous development. In defining a metropolitan area, it is sufficient that a city or cities form a nucleus with which other areas have a high degree of integration.

A metropolitan area is commonly known and characterized by a high concentration in service sector labor and enterprises. Macroeconomics views metropolitan areas as trade regions of economic significance.

Since, presently, urban data are based on arbitrary definitions that vary from country to country and from year or census to the next, making them difficult to compare, an Urban Metric System (UMS) has been conceived that could correct the problem, since it allows computing the urban area limits and central points, and it can be applied in the same way to all past, present and future population and job distributions. It is based on vector field calculations obtained by assuming that, in a given space, all inhabitants and jobs exert the same attractive force A and repulsive force R. The net force ( A - R) exerted by each inhabitant or job is given by 1/(1 - 1/(, where d = distance and β is the only parameter. UMS distinguishes the following types of urban areas, each type corresponding to a given value of β:

+ ! !Urban area !Distance at which the attractive force = the repulsive force !Value of β

UMS has been applied to some Canadian cases since 2018, but the data presented in this article are still based on the various existing national definitions, which are disparate.

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List of metropolitan areas

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Africa

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Algeria Urban population rate: 72% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Algiers Metropolitan Area

The Algiers Metropolitan Area consists of four provinces: Tipaza, Blida Province, Algiers, and Boumerdès. It spans approximately 5,726 km² and had a population of 5,384,175 as of the 2008 census. Projections estimate that the population may exceed 9 million.

The area is served by a modern railway system, the Algiers tramway, Tramway d'Alger : début des travaux and the Algiers Metro. There are plans to expand public transport to the surrounding provinces of Tipaza Province and Boumerdès.

Notable urban and suburban areas include Sidi Abdellah and Hydra. Major commercial and industrial zones are located in Reghaïa and Ouled Hedadj. The metropolitan area is also home to key maritime trade infrastructure, including the Algiers and the planned Port of El Hamdania.

• Sétif–Constantine Metropolitan Area

The Sétif–Constantine Metropolitan Area includes seven provinces: Sétif, Béjaïa, Bordj Bou Arréridj, Mila Province, Constantine, Skikda, and Annaba Province. It covers an area of approximately 24,946 km² and had a population of 6,238,698. Current estimates suggest the population may be closer to 8 million.

The region is connected by a national rail system, and major cities such as Constantine and Sétif have operational tramway networks. La mise en service prévue pour le premier trimestre 2013, Ratiba.B, El Watan, 2 mai 2012 Tramway projects are also planned for Béjaïa and Annaba.

This metropolitan area hosts several of the largest commercial and industrial zones in North Africa, including El Eulma, Chelghoum Laïd, El Hadjar, and Akbou. Major urban centers include Sétif city, Constantine city, El Khroub, Béjaïa, and Annaba. The area also encompasses important agricultural zones, particularly in Béjaïa and Bordj Bou Arréridj.

Key maritime ports serving the region include the Port of Béjaïa, Annaba, and Skikda.

• Oran Metropolitan Area

The Oran Metropolitan Area comprises seven provinces: Oran, Aïn Témouchent, Mostaganem, Tlemcen, Sidi Bel Abbès, Mascara, and Relizane. It covers a total area of 35,643 km² and had a population of approximately 5,757,096, with estimates indicating a population nearing 7 million.

The region is served by a high-speed rail line linking Oran, Sidi Bel Abbès, and Tlemcen, as well as modern rail connections between other provinces. Tramway systems are currently operational in Oran Tramway, Algérie : Réalisation de la première ligne du tramway d’Oran Sidi Bel Abbès, and Mostaganem. Expansion projects are planned for Mascara, Relizane, and Tlemcen Province. Lancement prochain de 14 projets de tramways, S.H., S.H., 29 mai 2010

Notable urban and suburban centers include Oran, Sidi Bel Abbès, Tlemcen, and Mostaganem. The area includes major industrial zones such as Es Sénia, Tafraoui, Hassi Mamèche, and Sig.

The region is also home to several key maritime ports, including the Oran, Mostaganem, Ghazaouet, and Port of Béni Saf. Significant agricultural activity takes place in Mascara, Relizane, and the eastern parts of Mostaganem.

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Algiers Metropolitan Area: 3,316,232
• Oran Metropolitan Area: 1,261,238

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Angola

Urban population rate: 67% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Luanda Metropolitan Area: 11,672,134
• Lubango Metropolitan Area: 1,331,213
• Cabinda Metropolitan Area: 1,220,204
• Malanje Metropolitan Area: 1,052,124

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Benin

Urban population rate: 50%(2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Cotonou Metropolitan Area: 2,647,117

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Botswana

Urban population rate: 68% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Gaborone Metropolitan Area: 298,993

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Burkina Faso

Urban population rate: 35% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Ouagadougou Metropolitan Area: 3,616,268
• Bobo-Dioulasso Metropolitan Area: 1,297,389

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Burundi

Urban population rate: 16% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Bujumbura Metropolitan Area: 1,403,419

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Cabo Verde

Urban population rate: 69% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Joao Teves Metropolitan Area: 161,477

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Cameroon

Urban population rate: 67% ((2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Yaounde Metropolitan Area: 5,479,204
• Douala Metropolitan Area: 4,457,862

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Central Africa

Urban population rate: 47% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Bangui Metropolitan Area: 1,270,414

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Chad

Urban population rate: 36% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• N'Djamena Metropolitan Area: 1,910,082

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Comoros

Urban population rate: 33% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Fomboni Metropolitan Area: 236,188
• Moroni Metropolitan Area: 175,832

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Congo (Democratic Republic)

Urban population rate: 43% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Kinshasa Metropolitan Area: 12,945,683
• Kasai-Occidental Metropolitan Area: 3,596,107
• Lubumbashi Metropolitan Area: 2,907,724
• Beni Metropolitan Area: 1,872,705
• Kanaga Metropolitan Area: 1,538,649
• Tshikapa Metropolitan Area: 1,074,735

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Congo (Republic)

Urban population rate: 69% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Brazzaville Metropolitan Area: 3,190,743

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Djibouti

Urban population rate: 83% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Djibouti City Metropolitan Area: 735,132

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Egypt

Urban population rate: 51% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Cairo Metropolitan Area	20,035,086
Alexandria Metropolitan Area	5,532,976
Faiyum Metropolitan Area	1,369,514
Luxor Metropolitan Area	1,263,645
Al Mansurah Metropolitan Area	1,073,697
Asyut Metropolitan Area	983,785
Sohag Metropolitan Area	978,161
Zagazig Metropolitan Area	924,760
Girga Metropolitan Area	873,425
Damietta Metropolitan Area	847,229
Al Mahallah Metropolitan Area	835,072
Tanta Metropolitan Area	779,681
Port Said Metropolitan Area	646,209
El Qurein Metropolitan Area	633,194
Ismailia Metropolitan Area	599,110
Benha Metropolitan Area	594,814
Al Minya Metropolitan Area	572,386
Suez Metropolitan Area	499,891
Beni Suef Metropolitan Area	479,649
Al Qusiyah Metropolitan Area	474,894
Qus Metropolitan Area	470,911
Damanhur Metropolitan Area	444,065
El Balyana Metropolitan Area	442,816
Mit Ghamr Metropolitan Area	441,800
Tuh Metropolitan Area	425,706
Shebin el Kom Metropolitan Area	419,348
Mallawi Metropolitan Area	411,534
Manfalut Metropolitan Area	388,756
Tima Metropolitan Area	357,977
Aswan Metropolitan Area	329,229
Farshut Metropolitan Area	327,342
Abu Al Juhur Metropolitan Area	312,990
Faqus Metropolitan Area	305,082
Al Matariyah Metropolitan Area	293,641
Kafr Ashshaykh Metropolitan Area	286,873
Tuwah Bani Ibrahim Metropolitan Area	282,110
Al Maraghah Metropolitan Area	276,323
Disuq Metropolitan Area	263,931
Al Ismailiyah Metropolitan Area	261,107
Kafr Az Zayyat Metropolitan Area	249,716
Ashmun Metropolitan Area	240,116
Minuf Metropolitan Area	230,547
Quwaysina Metropolitan Area	227,213
Tahta Metropolitan Area	224,338
Tala Metropolitan Area	215,128
Qina Metropolitan Area	208,319
Armant Metropolitan Area	206,411
Fuwah Metropolitan Area	203,506
Rasid Metropolitan Area	199,755
Minyat Al Qamb Metropolitan Area	193,935
Akhmim Metropolitan Area	191,684
Zawiyat Barmasha Metropolitan Area	191,065
Samalut Metropolitan Area	176,978
Jirzah Metropolitan Area	175,687
Marsha Matruh Metropolitan Area	170,798
As Sinbillawayn Metropolitan Area	170,695
Al Wasitah Metropolitan Area	170,140
Sirsal Layyanah Metropolitan Area	165,983
7th October City Metropolitan Area	163,097
Juhanyah Metropolitan Area	160,046
Bani Mazar Metropolitan Area	148,488
Maghaghah Metropolitan Area	148,200
Shirbin Metropolitan Area	145,612
Abu Kabir Metropolitan Area	141,947
As Saff Metropolitan Area	134,766
Kafr Al Haddadin Metropolitan Area	131,937
Al Badari Metropolitan Area	130,359
Abu Qurqas Metropolitan Area	127,764
Al Ayat Metropolitan Area	126,244
Mit as Siraj Metropolitan Area	124,611
Isna Metropolitan Area	124,582
Abu Tij Metropolitan Area	122,602
Idku Metropolitan Area	114,896
Kafr Al Wasushah Metropolitan Area	113,797
Qusayr Bakhanis Metropolitan Area	112,927
Ityayal Barud Metropolitan Area	111,355
Abnub Metropolitan Area	110,639
Nawaj Metropolitan Area	109,113
Al Anayim Metropolitan Area	108,623
Al Ghanayim Metropolitan Area	107,890
Diyarb Najm Metropolitan Area	105,659
Salwa Qibli Metropolitan Area	101,726

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Equatorial Guinea

Urban population rate: 45% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Bata Metropolitan Area: 789,800

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Eritrea

Urban population rate: 28% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Asmara Metropolitan Area: 251,980

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Eswatini

Urban population rate: 28% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Manzini Metropolitan Area: 103,406

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Ethiopia

Urban population rate: 22% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Addis Ababa Metropolitan Area: 7,280,463

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Gabon

Urban population rate: 89% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Libreville Metropolitan Area: 917,056

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Gambia

Urban population rate: 42%(2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Serekunda Metropolitan Area: 1,313,465

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Ghana

Urban population rate: 59% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Accra Metropolitan Area: 5,890,466
• Kumasi Metropolitan Area: 4,923,115
• Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolitan Area: 1,255,809

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Guinea

Urban population rate: 43% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Coyah Metropolitan Area: 2,991,111

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Guinea Bissau

Urban population rate: 38% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Bissau Metropolitan Area: 674,444

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Ivory Coast

Urban population rate: 59% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Abidjan Metropolitan Area: 6,450,316
• Yamoussoukro Metropolitan Area: 227,859

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Kenya

Urban population rate: 29% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Nairobi Metropolitan Area: 6,646,257
• Mombasa Metropolitan Area: 1,617,739

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Lesotho

Urban population rate: 36% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Maseru Metropolitan Area: 296,516

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Liberia

Urban population rate: 56% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Monrovia Metropolitan Area: 2,049,818

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Libya

Urban population rate: 83% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Tripoli Metropolitan Area: 1,248,354

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Madagascar

Urban population rate: 38% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Antananarivo Metropolitan Area: 4,255,254

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Malawi

Urban population rate: 25% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Lilongwe Metropolitan Area: 1,018,798

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Mali

Urban population rate: 45% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Bamako Metropolitan Area: 3,960,563

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Mauritania

Urban population rate: 49% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Nouakchott Metropolitan Area: 1,625,384

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Mauritius

Urban population rate: 50% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Port Louis Metropolitan Area: 557,431

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Morocco

Urban population rate: 66% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Casablanca Metropolitan Area: 4,577,677
• Rabat Metropolitan Area: 2,094,221
• Fez Metropolitan Area: 1,434,235
• Tangier Metropolitan Area: 1,300,223
• Marrakesh Metropolitan Area: 1,152,691

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Mozambique

Urban population rate: 45% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Maputo Metropolitan Area: 3,533,370
• Nampula Metropolitan Area: 1,028,776

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Namibia

Urban population rate: 46% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Windhoek Metropolitan Area: 417,842

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Niger

Urban population rate: 23% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Niamey Metropolitan Area: 1,600,656

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Nigeria

Urban population rate: 58% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Lagos Metropolitan Area: 12,846,045
• Onitsha Metropolitan Area: 5,788,296
• Kano Metropolitan Area: 5,110,616
• Ibadan Metropolitan Area: 4,043,955
• Owerri Metropolitan Area: 3,594,823
• Port Harcourt Metropolitan Area: 2,623,780
• Kaduna Metropolitan Area: 1,937,932
• Benin City Metropolitan Area: 1,912,370
• Warri Metropolitan Area: 1,617,739
• Uyo Metropolitan Area: 1,606,054
• Aba Metropolitan Area: 1,472,091
• Ilorin Metropolitan Area: 1,359,617
• Abuja Metropolitan Area: 1,322,229
• Maiduguri Metropolitan Area: 1,293,406
• Aboh Metropolitan Area: 1,282,172
• Enugu Metropolitan Area: 1,086,434
• Okene Metropolitan Area: 1,036,027

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Rwanda

Urban population rate: 25% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Kigali Metropolitan Area: 1,621,760

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Sao Tome e Principe

Urban population rate: 71% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Sao Tome Metropolitan Area: 154,878

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Senegal

Urban population rate: 51% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Dakar Metropolitan Area: 3,970,202
• Touba Metropolitan Area: 1,170,259

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Sierra Leone

Urban population rate: 46% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Freetown Metropolitan Area: 2,150,533

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Somalia

Urban population rate: 45% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Mogadishu Metropolitan Area: 4,798,453
• Hargeisa (Somaliland) Metropolitan Area: 1,500,449

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South Africa

The Greater Johannesburg metropolitan area is the fourth largest metropolitan area in South Africa. Its population was over 9.6 million as of the 2011 South Africa Census, in contrast to its urban area, which consisted of approximately 7.9 million inhabitants as of 2011. Conversely, metropolitan municipalities in South Africa are defined as commonly governed areas of a metropolitan area. The largest such metropolitan municipal government entity in South Africa is the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality, which presided over nearly 5 million people as of 2016. However, the Greater Johannesburg metropolitan area houses roughly ten times the population of its core municipal city of Johannesburg, which contained 957,441 people as of the 2011 census.

Urban population rate: 69% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Johannesburg Metropolitan Area: 8,592,843
• Cape Town Metropolitan Area: 4,338,251
• Durban Metropolitan Area: 3,270,868
• Pretoria Metropolitan Area: 1,826,232
• Soshanguve Metropolitan Area: 1,463,579

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South Sudan

Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Juba Metropolitan Area: 296,087

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Sudan

Urban population rate: 48% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Khartoum Metropolitan Area: 7,114,749
• Nyala Metropolitan Area: 1,038,790

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Tanzania

Urban population rate: 34% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Dar es Salaam Metropolitan Area: 8,918,525
• Zanzibar City Metropolitan Area: 1,026,755

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Togo

Urban population rate: 52% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Lomé Metropolitan Area: 2,498,074

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Tunisia

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Tunis Metropolitan Area: 2,790,169

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Uganda

Urban population rate: 19% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Kampala Metropolitan Area: 5,177,898

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Zambia

Urban population rate: 44% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Lusaka Metropolitan Area: 3,658,064

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Zimbabwe

Urban population rate: 46% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Harare Metropolitan Area: 2,076,037

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Asia

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Afghanistan

Urban population rate: 29% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Kabul Metropolitan Area	6,254,679
Herat Metropolitan Area	1,489,156
Kandahar Metropolitan Area	872,755
Mazar-i-Sharif Metropolitan Area	465,528
Jalalabad Metropolitan Area	417,828
Puli Khumri Metropolitan Area	214,258
Lashkargah Metropolitan Area	207,569
Kunduz Metropolitan Area	190,793
Charikar Metropolitan Area	177,152
Taloqan Metropolitan Area	162,418
Sibargan Metropolitan Area	131,716
Farah Metropolitan Area	122,843

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Armenia

Urban population rate: 70% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Yerevan Metropolitan Area: 1,027,656
• Gyumri Metropolitan Area: 105,161

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Azerbaijan

Urban population rate: 60% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Baku Metropolitan Area: 1,973,054
• Sumgait Metropolitan Area: 637,053
• Ganca Metropolitan Area: 344,734
• Mingachevir Metropolitan Area: 124,961
• Naxcivan Metropolitan Area: 123,266
• Lankaran Metropolitan Area: 113,449

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Bahrain

Urban population rate: 80% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Manama Metropolitan Area: 1,361,833

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Bangladesh

In Bangladesh, the large population centres which have significant financial, political and administrative importance are considered to be as Metropolitan cities, which are governed by City Corporations. In total, there are 12 city corporations in Bangladesh.

(2025). 9780821398654, World Bank Publications. . ISBN 9780821398654

4 of them (Dhaka North City Corporation, Dhaka South City Corporation, Narayanganj City Corporation, Gazipur City Corporation) are part of Greater Dhaka.

Urban population rate: 36% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Dhaka Metropolitan Area: 37,307,160

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Brunei

Urban population rate: 45% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Bandar Seri Begawan Metropolitan Area: 149,321

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Cambodia

Urban population rate: 26% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Phnom Penh Metropolitan Area: 2,419,131
• Siem Reap Metropolitan Area: 315,248
• Battambang Metropolitan Area: 129,058

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China

In China, there used to be no clear distinction between megalopolis (城市群, lit. city cluster) and metropolitan area (都市圈) until National Development and Reform Commission issued Guidelines on the Cultivation and Development of Modern Metropolitan Areas (关于培育发展现代化都市圈的指导意见) on Feb 19, 2019, in which a metropolitan area was defined as "an urbanized spatial form in a megalopolis dominated by (a) supercity(-ies) or megacity(-ies), or a large metropolis playing a leading part, and within the basic range of 1-hour commute area."

Data are referred to borders determined by Sino-British Joint Declaration (1984), Sino-Portugal Joint Declaration (1987) and later agreements with countries that share a land border with China or influenced by disputes in the sea where China faces (see Territorial disputes focus).

Urban population rate: 57% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

Nenjiang City Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	140,203
Beian Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	106,291
Fularji District Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	180,724
Qiqihar Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	880,401
Hailun Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	131,625
Suiling County Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	118,062
Hegang Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	526,931
Fujin City Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	136,235
Shuangyashan Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	210,959
Jiamusi Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	660,888
Suihua Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	248,077
Daqing Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	1,049,903
Zhaodong Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	272,080
Qitaihe Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	458,945
Mishan Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	107,631
Jixi Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	507,651
Harbin Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	4,441,336
Acheng Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	243,479
Shuangcheng Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	186,835
Shangzhi Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	116,851
Wuchang Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	134,640
Mudanjiang Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	760,143
Suifenhe Metropolitan Area	Heilongjiang	107,582
Baicheng Metropolitan Area	Jilin	288,896
Taonan Metropolitan Area	Jilin	122,973
Daan Metropolitan Area	Jilin	134,202
Fuyu Metropolitan Area	Jilin	487,550
Yushu Metropolitan Area	Jilin	189,349
Shulan Metropolitan Area	Jilin	200,866
Dehui Metropolitan Area	Jilin	152,930
Jiutai Metropolitan Area	Jilin	127,023
Changchun Metropolitan Area	Jilin	3,424,261
Gongzhuling Metropolitan Area	Jilin	188,002
Siping Metropolitan Area	Jilin	494,103
Shuangyang Metropolitan Area	Jilin	106,312
Jilin City Metropolitan Area	Jilin	1,501,500
Jiaohe Metropolitan Area	Jilin	137,749
Dunhua Metropolitan Area	Jilin	221,907
Liaoyuan Metropolitan Area	Jilin	374,651
Huadian Metropolitan Area	Jilin	134,283
Huinan County Metropolitan Area	Jilin	105,818
Meihekou Metropolitan Area	Jilin	238,275
Tonghua Metropolitan Area	Jilin	313,603
Jian Metropolitan Area	Jilin	174,362
Baishan Metropolitan Area	Jilin	273,627
Linjiang Metropolitan Area	Jilin	109,941
Changbai Metropolitan Area	Jilin	228,143
Yanji Metropolitan Area	Jilin	469,217
Tumen Metropolitan Area	Jilin	104,826
Hunchun Metropolitan Area	Jilin	128,152
Kaiyuan Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	239,064
Tiefa Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	142,100
Zhangwu County Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	140,185
Tieling Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	194,020
Xinmin Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	163,541
Shenyang Metropolitan Area (Shenyang + Fushun)	Liaoning	6,718,611
Fuxin Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	677,455
Heishan County Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	128,639
Jinzhou Metropolitan Area (Jinzhou + Linghai)	Liaoning	947,725
Huludao Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	514,586
Xingcheng Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	143,237
Panjin Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	698,676
Benxi Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	843,798
Anshan Metropolitan Area (Anshan + Liaoyang)	Liaoning	2,145,857
Haicheng Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	374,899
Dashiqiao Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	299,100
Yingkou Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	492,161
Bayuquan Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	395,999
Gaizhou Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	197,547
Kuandian Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	100,814
Fengcheng Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	115,312
Xiuyan Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	106,650
Dandong Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	1,007,051
Donggang Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	105,309
Zhuanghe Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	136,269
Wafangdian Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	279,945
Pulandian Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	122,811
Dalian Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	3,511,057
Beipiao Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	122,527
Chaoyang Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	474,460
Lingyuan Metropolitan Area	Liaoning	176,317
Bayannur Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	304,036
Dongsheng Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	424,966
Baotou Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	2,171,436
Hohhot Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	1,881,076
Ulanqab Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	273,520
Pingzhuang Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	100,561
Chifeng Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	628,633
Xilingol League Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	161,465
Tongliao Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	527,049
Hinggan League Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	217,420
Zalantun Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	116,426
Yakeshi Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	132,936
Hulunbuir Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	209,890
Jagdaqi Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	123,405
Manzhouli Metropolitan Area	Inner Mongolia	103,618
Datong Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	1,571,547
Huairen Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	169,525
Hunyuan County Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	106,479
Shuozhou Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	324,877
Yuanping Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	126,746
Xinzhou Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	229,257
Xing County Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	115,918
Yangquan Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	580,875
Taiyuan Metropolitan Area (Taiyuan + Jinzhong)	Shanxi	4,777,282
Gujiao Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	172,353
Jiaocheng County Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	241,649
Wenshui County Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	118,494
Pingyao Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	177,193
Fenyang Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	126,193
Xiaoyi Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	165,448
Jiexiu Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	159,368
Luliang Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	554,109
Liulin County Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	141,684
Huozhou Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	134,636
Hongtong County Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	110,831
Linfen Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	1,090,241
Lucheng Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	103,558
Changzhi Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	727,719
Gaoping Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	350,483
Jincheng Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	921,145
Yangcheng County Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	109,782
Houma Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	319,376
Yongji Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	151,148
Yuncheng Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	687,353
Baode County Metropolitan Area	Shanxi	170,408
Shenmu Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	274,814
Yulin Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	510,159
Jingbian County Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	138,912
Yanan Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	475,071
Hancheng Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	224,048
Chengcheng Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	100,864
Chengguan Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	197,762
Tongchuan Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	130,607
Hangkongjidi Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	126,962
Weinan Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	273,989
Guanzhong (Xian + Xianyang + Xingping)	Shaanxi	7,390,637
Baoji Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	773,901
Shangluo Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	110,703
Ankang Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	807,066
Hanzhong Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	371,212
Mian County Metropolitan Area	Shaanxi	131,027
Tianshui Metropolitan Area	Gansu	735,294
Gangu County Metropolitan Area	Gansu	145,758
Longxi County Metropolitan Area	Gansu	141,596
Pingliang Metropolitan Area	Gansu	461,066
Qingyang Metropolitan Area	Gansu	201,936
Linxia City Metropolitan Area	Gansu	229,343
Lintao County Metropolitan Area	Gansu	110,642
Dingxi Metropolitan Area	Gansu	110,323
Baiyin Metropolitan Area	Gansu	222,677
Lanzhou Metropolitan Area	Gansu	2,799,977
Wuwei Metropolitan Area	Gansu	128,072
Jinchang Metropolitan Area	Gansu	144,055
Zhangye Metropolitan Area	Gansu	198,224
Jiuquan Metropolitan Area	Gansu	181,625
Jiayuguan City Metropolitan Area	Gansu	199,681
Cizhou Metropolitan Area	Hebei	131,025
Fengfeng Metropolitan Area	Hebei	246,068
Linzhang County Metropolitan Area	Hebei	143,050
Handan Metropolitan Area	Hebei	2,099,937
Wuan Metropolitan Area	Hebei	185,361
Liuying Metropolitan Area	Hebei	371,474
Xingtai Metropolitan Area	Hebei	775,750
Wanggongzhuang Metropolitan Area	Hebei	116,470
Fenghuang hebei Metropolitan Area	Hebei	125,190
Zhaozhou Metropolitan Area	Hebei	120,149
Hengshui Metropolitan Area	Hebei	348,778
Shijiazhuang Metropolitan Area	Hebei	3,271,840
Xinle Metropolitan Area	Hebei	115,941
Gaocheng Metropolitan Area	Hebei	134,899
Jinzhou Metropolitan Area	Hebei	122,665
Xinji Metropolitan Area	Hebei	203,404
Dingzhou Metropolitan Area	Hebei	241,199
Botou Metropolitan Area	Hebei	181,728
Cangzhou Metropolitan Area	Hebei	635,841
Baoding Metropolitan Area	Hebei	1,251,379
Mancheng Metropolitan Area	Hebei	122,317
Ansu hebei Metropolitan Area	Hebei	168,502
Hejian Metropolitan Area	Hebei	103,189
Renqiu Metropolitan Area	Hebei	180,982
Gaobeidian Metropolitan Area	Hebei	247,926
Zhuozhou Metropolitan Area	Hebei	199,207
Baigou hebei Metropolitan Area	Hebei	136,371
Bazhou Metropolitan Area	Hebei	105,714
Tangerli hebei Metropolitan Area	Hebei	131,167
Guan Metropolitan Area	Hebei	122,927
Jinghai Metropolitan Area	Tianjin + Hebei	190,044
Tianjin Metropolitan Area	Tianjin + Hebei	10,495,062
Baodi Metropolitan Area	Tianjin + Hebei	266,910
Beijing Metropolitan Area	Beijing + Hebei	21,031,565
Langfang Metropolitan Area	Hebei	490,411
Qianwang hebei Metropolitan Area	Hebei	102,006
Jixian hebei Metropolitan Area	Hebei	164,804
Yutian Metropolitan Area	Hebei	132,031
Xuanhua Metropolitan Area	Hebei	334,936
Zhangjiakou Metropolitan Area	Hebei	638,613
Tangshan Metropolitan Area	Hebei	3,432,141
Zunhua Metropolitan Area	Hebei	162,409
Changli County Metropolitan Area	Hebei	126,078
Qinhuangdao Metropolitan Area	Hebei	727,667
Chengde Metropolitan Area	Hebei	241,385
Xinyang Metropolitan Area	Henan	399,077
Huangchuan Metropolitan Area	Henan	170,282
Xixian henan Metropolitan Area	Henan	113,279
Gushi County Metropolitan Area	Henan	220,275
Dengzhou Metropolitan Area	Henan	1,095,052
Tanghe County Metropolitan Area	Henan	230,454
Nanyang Metropolitan Area	Henan	768,610
Zhenping Metropolitan Area	Henan	156,472
Xichuan County Metropolitan Area	Henan	127,044
Huiche henan Metropolitan Area	Henan	110,130
Zhumadian Metropolitan Area	Henan	405,959
Shangcai County Metropolitan Area	Henan	199,931
Xiping County Metropolitan Area	Henan	121,920
Luohe Metropolitan Area	Henan	1,183,149
Xiangcheng City Metropolitan Area	Henan	257,291
Shenqiu County Metropolitan Area	Henan	114,048
Lingbao City Metropolitan Area	Henan	173,956
Sanmenxia Metropolitan Area	Henan	288,771
Liuquan henan Metropolitan Area	Henan	105,748
Yichuan Metropolitan Area	Henan	145,126
Huiguozhen Metropolitan Area	Henan	184,149
Mengzhou Metropolitan Area	Henan	122,479
Dengfeng Metropolitan Area	Henan	121,845
Ruzhou Metropolitan Area	Henan	190,383
Zhangdian henan Metropolitan Area	Henan	101,065
Pingdingshan Metropolitan Area	Henan	703,405
Anliang henan Metropolitan Area	Henan	104,351
Linying County Metropolitan Area	Henan	187,946
Xuchang Metropolitan Area (Xuchang + Changge)	Henan	1,821,624
Yuzhou Metropolitan Area	Henan	245,470
Yellow River (Zhengzhou + Luoyang + Kaifeng + Yanshi + Gongyi + Xingyang + Xinzheng)	Henan	10,395,361
Zhoukou Metropolitan Area	Henan	392,625
Huaiyang Metropolitan Area	Henan	140,625
Dancheng County Metropolitan Area	Henan	112,306
Shangqiu Metropolitan Area	Henan	779,507
Xinmi Metropolitan Area	Henan	277,556
Laiji henan Metropolitan Area	Henan	100,132
Yongcheng Metropolitan Area	Henan	334,148
Jiyuan Metropolitan Area	Henan	405,860
Jiaozuo Metropolitan Area (Jiaozuo + Boai henan)	Henan	1,072,637
Huizian henan Metropolitan Area	Henan	167,118
Xinxiang Metropolitan Area	Henan	870,741
Changyuan Metropolitan Area	Henan	212,986
Hua County Metropolitan Area	Henan	174,470
Puyang Metropolitan Area	Henan	871,559
Hebi Metropolitan Area	Henan	238,324
Huixian Metropolitan Area	Henan	167,118
Linzhou Metropolitan Area	Henan	133,999
Anyang Metropolitan Area (Anyang + Qugou henan)	Henan	1,942,838
Wuxue Metropolitan Area	Hubei	199,876
Huangshi Metropolitan Area	Hubei	753,021
Qichun County Metropolitan Area	Hubei	103,945
Xishui Metropolitan Area	Hubei	132,231
Ezhou Metropolitan Area	Hubei	583,820
Xianning Metropolitan Area	Hubei	276,077
Chibi Metropolitan Area	Hubei	171,579
Xinzhou Metropolitan Area	Hubei	128,392
Macheng Metropolitan Area	Hubei	136,894
Baiyun Metropolitan Area	Hubei	123,715
Jianli Metropolitan Area	Hubei	143,632
Gongan Metropolitan Area	Hubei	123,573
Jingzhou Metropolitan Area	Hubei	625,685
Zhijiang Metropolitan Area	Hubei	102,589
Yichang Metropolitan Area	Hubei	1,573,289
Dangyang Metropolitan Area	Hubei	123,328
Jingmen Metropolitan Area	Hubei	272,753
Qianjiang Metropolitan Area	Hubei	111,193
Tianmen Metropolitan Area	Hubei	402,718
Xiantao Metropolitan Area	Hubei	278,585
Xinshi Metropolitan Area	Hubei	127,046
Zhongxiang Metropolitan Area	Hubei	157,863
Yingcheng Metropolitan Area	Hubei	145,101
Yunmeng County Metropolitan Area	Hubei	120,504
Xiaogan Metropolitan Area	Hubei	812,534
Wuhan Metropolitan Area	Hubei	9,545,897
Anlu Metropolitan Area	Hubei	341,145
Hongan Metropolitan Area	Hubei	122,136
Dawu Metropolitan Area	Hubei	101,366
Guangshui Metropolitan Area	Hubei	101,503
Suizhou Metropolitan Area	Hubei	249,979
Yicheng Metropolitan Area	Hubei	109,507
Zaoyang Metropolitan Area	Hubei	155,165
Nanzhang County Metropolitan Area	Hubei	104,919
Xiangyang Metropolitan Area	Hubei	938,344
Guicheng Metropolitan Area	Hubei	115,583
Laohekou Metropolitan Area	Hubei	128,897
Danjiangkou Metropolitan Area	Hubei	129,251
Shiyan Metropolitan Area	Hubei	1,129,747
Yunyang Metropolitan Area	Hubei	130,833
Enshi City Metropolitan Area	Hubei	625,489
Yueyang Metropolitan Area	Hunan	950,526
Miluo City Metropolitan Area	Hunan	402,574
Xiangyin County Metropolitan Area	Hunan	194,007
Huarong County Metropolitan Area	Hunan	106,915
Nan County Metropolitan Area	Hunan	158,592
Anxiang County Metropolitan Area	Hunan	110,094
Lixian Metropolitan Area	Hunan	315,625
Shimen County Metropolitan Area	Hunan	103,504
Longshan County Metropolitan Area	Hunan	159,523
Zhangjiajie Metropolitan Area	Hunan	163,528
Changde Metropolitan Area	Hunan	603,681
Yuanjiang Metropolitan Area	Hunan	142,778
Jishou Metropolitan Area	Hunan	190,543
Yuanling County Metropolitan Area	Hunan	114,031
Yiyang Metropolitan Area	Hunan	771,016
Taojiang County Metropolitan Area	Hunan	135,408
Ningxiang Metropolitan Area	Hunan	155,813
Changsha Metropolitan Area	Hunan	3,380,740
Liuyang Metropolitan Area	Hunan	456,892
Xiangtan Metropolitan Area	Hunan	838,270
Zhuzhou Metropolitan Area	Hunan	1,005,568
Xupu County Metropolitan Area	Hunan	107,896
Huaihua Metropolitan Area	Hunan	936,823
Lengshuijiang Metropolitan Area	Hunan	404,868
Lianyuan Metropolitan Area	Hunan	177,881
Loudi Metropolitan Area	Hunan	686,965
Xiangxiang Metropolitan Area	Hunan	149,319
Pukou Metropolitan Area	Hunan	324,816
Liling Metropolitan Area	Hunan	622,255
Shaoyang Metropolitan Area	Hunan	480,290
Shaodong Metropolitan Area	Hunan	173,054
Wugang Metropolitan Area	Hunan	142,477
Hengyang Metropolitan Area	Hunan	929,728
Qidong County Metropolitan Area	Hunan	179,333
Qiyang Metropolitan Area	Hunan	141,686
Yongzhou Metropolitan Area	Hunan	416,168
Lingling Metropolitan Area	Hunan	139,587
Changning Metropolitan Area	Hunan	124,681
Leiyang Metropolitan Area	Hunan	882,594
Chaling County Metropolitan Area	Hunan	101,513
Guiyang County Metropolitan Area	Hunan	129,943
Chenzhou Metropolitan Area	Hunan	617,070
Zixing Metropolitan Area	Hunan	235,332
Linyi Metropolitan Area	Shandong	1,555,397
Tancheng County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	131,990
Lanling County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	215,497
Linshu County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	136,833
Shizhong Metropolitan Area	Shandong	444,791
Zaozhuang Metropolitan Area	Shandong	200,465
Tengzhou Metropolitan Area	Shandong	1,465,842
Shan County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	236,142
Chengwu County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	101,262
Cao County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	209,734
Heze Metropolitan Area	Shandong	450,572
Yuncheng County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	147,831
Quanpu Metropolitan Area	Shandong	103,692
Liangshan County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	104,524
Jining Metropolitan Area (Jining + Jiaxiang County)	Shandong	1,040,480
Gulou Metropolitan Area	Shandong	235,458
Qufu Metropolitan Area	Shandong	243,583
Ningyang County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	111,143
Zoucheng Metropolitan Area	Shandong	462,609
Fei County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	159,717
Pingyi County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	169,009
Junan County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	128,930
Lanshan Metropolitan Area	Shandong	104,411
Rizhao Metropolitan Area	Shandong	459,144
Yinan County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	140,795
Ju County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	192,648
Yishui County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	226,795
Wulian County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	129,400
Zhucheng Metropolitan Area	Shandong	759,969
Mengyin County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	133,832
Xintai Metropolitan Area	Shandong	236,800
Gangcheng Metropolitan Area	Shandong	198,461
Laiwu Metropolitan Area	Shandong	369,299
Yiyuan County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	151,457
Taian Metropolitan Area	Shandong	707,595
Feicheng Metropolitan Area	Shandong	244,686
Shen County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	111,749
Yanggu Metropolitan Area	Shandong	165,380
Liaocheng Metropolitan Area	Shandong	530,299
Chiping Metropolitan Area	Shandong	167,049
Gaotang County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	108,889
Xiajin County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	127,923
Linqing Metropolitan Area	Shandong	282,112
Dezhou Metropolitan Area	Shandong	459,282
Lingcheng Metropolitan Area	Shandong	133,590
Laoling Metropolitan Area	Shandong	139,848
Binzhou Metropolitan Area	Shandong	696,958
Dongying Metropolitan Area	Shandong	772,917
Boxing Metropolitan Area	Shandong	145,414
Yucheng Metropolitan Area	Shandong	114,562
Qihe County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	121,109
Jinan Metropolitan Area	Shandong	3,824,875
Zhangqiu Metropolitan Area	Shandong	310,417
Zouping Metropolitan Area	Shandong	233,401
Zhoucun Metropolitan Area	Shandong	235,870
Zibo Metropolitan Area	Shandong	1,680,283
Huantai County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	127,346
Linzi Metropolitan Area	Shandong	311,247
Qingzhou Metropolitan Area	Shandong	338,584
Linqu County Metropolitan Area	Shandong	280,463
Shouguang Metropolitan Area	Shandong	350,722
Weifang Metropolitan Area	Shandong	961,428
Anqiu Metropolitan Area	Shandong	784,572
Changyi Metropolitan Area	Shandong	400,490
Gaomi Metropolitan Area	Shandong	599,934
Jiaozhou City Metropolitan Area	Shandong	472,800
Qingdao Metropolitan Area	Shandong	4,654,400
Pingdu Metropolitan Area	Shandong	285,946
Laizhou Metropolitan Area	Shandong	279,120
Laixi Metropolitan Area	Shandong	206,310
Laiyang Metropolitan Area	Shandong	265,847
Zhaoyuan Metropolitan Area	Shandong	149,782
Longgang Metropolitan Area	Shandong	114,398
Xinjia Metropolitan Area	Shandong	167,514
Zijingshan Metropolitan Area	Shandong	110,486
Dongcun Metropolitan Area	Shandong	129,215
Rushan Metropolitan Area	Shandong	183,404
Wendeng Metropolitan Area	Shandong	224,206
Rongcheng Metropolitan Area	Shandong	174,923
Weihai Metropolitan Area	Shandong	595,386
Mouping Metropolitan Area	Shandong	181,201
Yantai Metropolitan Area	Shandong	861,617
Guanqiaocun Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	171,335
Shengze Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	397,791
Weitang Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	323,164
Yixing Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	507,299
Liyang Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	258,046
Chunxi Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	148,414
Honglan Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	157,094
Jurong Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	212,225
Nanjing Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	8,061,029
Yizheng Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	193,319
Zhenjiang Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	750,237
Danyang Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	327,309
Jintan Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	254,626
Yangzhou Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	1,115,549
Jiepai Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	104,714
Yangzhong Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	248,444
Taixing Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	250,658
Taizhou Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	462,307
Jiangyan Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	253,327
Huangqiao Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	132,148
Haian Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	255,199
Rugao Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	176,577
Nantong Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	3,061,741
Juegang Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	151,848
Lusi Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	112,386
Qidong Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	233,887
Gaoyou Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	205,864
Xinghua Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	231,774
Zhongyaoba Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	134,581
Dongtai Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	272,911
Dafeng Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	151,776
Yancheng Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	1,211,454
Xucheng Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	112,431
Qingyang Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	200,896
Baoying County Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	240,818
Jianhu County Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	270,944
Honggang Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	108,059
Huaian Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	2,357,132
Hede Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	135,133
Zhuma Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	156,638
Zhongxing Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	158,299
Dongkan Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	209,833
Suqian Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	957,665
Suining Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	240,918
Shuyang County Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	363,144
Xinan Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	137,817
Yishan Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	120,584
Lianyungang Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	1,188,320
Qingkou Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	199,916
Donghai County Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	168,297
Xinyi Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	182,063
Pizhou Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	898,642
Xuzhou Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	1,552,140
Datun Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	280,967
Fengcheng Metropolitan Area	Jiangsu	114,259
Yangtze Delta (Shanghai + Suzhou + Changshu + Zhangjiagang + Jiangyin + Jingjiang + Changzhou + Wuxi)	Shanghai + Jiangsu	50,578,473
Chongming Metropolitan Area	Shanghai	135,058
Huangshan City Metropolitan Area	Anhui	372,354
Anqing Metropolitan Area	Anhui	469,919
Chizhou Metropolitan Area	Anhui	332,925
Tongling Metropolitan Area	Anhui	363,353
Tongcheng Metropolitan Area	Anhui	117,455
Lujiang County Metropolitan Area	Anhui	140,133
Shucheng County Metropolitan Area	Anhui	124,894
Ningguo Metropolitan Area	Anhui	374,587
Xuancheng Metropolitan Area	Anhui	427,032
Wuhu Metropolitan Area	Anhui	2,294,096
Wuwei Metropolitan Area	Anhui	100,155
Chaohu Metropolitan Area	Anhui	243,724
Maanshan Metropolitan Area	Anhui	1,290,864
Hefei Metropolitan Area	Anhui	5,646,049
Luan Metropolitan Area	Anhui	891,648
Chuzhou Metropolitan Area	Anhui	295,742
Quanjiao County Metropolitan Area	Anhui	126,047
Dingyuan County Metropolitan Area	Anhui	131,594
Huainan Metropolitan Area	Anhui	1,478,620
Bengbu Metropolitan Area	Anhui	806,345
Fuyang Metropolitan Area	Anhui	1,026,179
Funan County Metropolitan Area	Anhui	128,555
Linquan County Metropolitan Area	Anhui	173,397
Jieshou Metropolitan Area	Anhui	124,500
Taihe Metropolitan Area	Anhui	161,000
Lixin County Metropolitan Area	Anhui	114,673
Xiangcheng City Metropolitan Area	Henan	231,203
Shangqiu Metropolitan Area	Henan	131,352
Dancheng County Metropolitan Area	Henan	116,974
Bozhou Metropolitan Area	Anhui	627,970
Guoyang County Metropolitan Area	Anhui	131,978
Mengcheng County Metropolitan Area	Anhui	120,365
Yongcheng Metropolitan Area	Henan	334,148
Huaibei Metropolitan Area	Anhui	886,634
Suzhou Metropolitan Area	Anhui	956,856
Lingbi County Metropolitan Area	Anhui	122,748
Xiao County Metropolitan Area	Anhui	136,757
Dangshan County Metropolitan Area	Anhui	117,452
Longnan Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	123,692
Xinfeng Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	134,711
Ganzhou Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	2,015,325
Yudu County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	223,353
Ruijin Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	211,192
Xingguo County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	168,176
Ningdu County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	159,642
Suichuan County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	113,297
Chengjiang Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	121,340
Jian Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	473,227
Nanfeng County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	110,006
Nancheng County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	137,937
Fuzhou Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	880,318
Dongxiang Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	151,447
Jiangbian Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	199,842
Huayuan Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	133,365
Jinxian County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	152,824
Nanchang Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	3,705,530
Fengcheng Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	282,030
Zhangshu Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	243,160
Xinyu Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	851,536
Fenyi County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	102,339
Yichun Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	1,043,123
Pingxiang Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	651,470
Wanzai County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	112,366
Shanggao County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	101,698
Gaoan Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	353,080
Chian Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	118,307
Yugan County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	177,288
Shangrao Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	894,516
Yushan County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	175,567
Poyang County Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	188,396
Leping Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	293,644
Jingdezhen Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	460,993
Nankang Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	143,448
Jiujiang Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	779,301
Ruichang Metropolitan Area	Jiangxi	113,745
Changxing County Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	229,339
Huzhou Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	454,276
Pinghu Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	237,857
Haiyan Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	171,909
Jiaxing Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	1,019,544
Haining Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	242,761
Deqing Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	141,039
Dipu Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	178,292
Northern Zhejiang Conurbation (Hangzhou + Shaoxing + Cixi + Yuyao + Ningbo)	Zhejiang	13,189,786
Linan Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	202,844
Fuyang Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	397,545
Tonglu County Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	137,680
Jiande Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	119,497
Daping Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	106,638
Jiangshan Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	137,838
Quzhou Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	376,285
Lanxi Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	234,286
Jinhua Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	630,207
Yiwu Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	1,629,407
Zhuji Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	447,567
Yongkang Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	597,957
Lishui Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	266,877
Shengzhou Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	443,232
Shangyu Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	282,360
Fenghua Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	202,964
Zhoushan Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	467,378
Dancheng Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	170,259
Ninghai County Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	264,584
Tiantai County Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	145,705
Chengguan Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	143,074
Linhai Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	343,696
Taizhou Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	2,544,455
Yuhuan Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	475,380
Pingyang County Metropolitan Area	Zhejiang	104,545
Wenzhou Conurbation (Wenzhou + Longgang + Ruian + Yueqing)	Zhejiang	7,555,974
Fuding Metropolitan Area	Fujian	165,129
Fuan Metropolitan Area	Fujian	160,484
Songcheng Metropolitan Area	Fujian	129,786
Ningde Metropolitan Area	Fujian	208,964
Nanping Metropolitan Area	Fujian	162,435
Sanming Metropolitan Area	Fujian	253,422
Fengcheng Metropolitan Area	Fujian	139,051
Fuzhou Metropolitan Area	Fujian	3,746,678
Yongan Metropolitan Area	Fujian	138,080
Tingzhou Metropolitan Area	Fujian	111,177
Fuqing Metropolitan Area	Fujian	379,236
Jiangjing Metropolitan Area	Fujian	162,937
Tangcheng Metropolitan Area	Fujian	197,497
Putian Metropolitan Area	Fujian	1,106,639
Fengting Metropolitan Area	Fujian	169,488
Wangchuan Metropolitan Area	Fujian	218,196
Luocheng zh Metropolitan Area	Fujian	401,701
Taocheng Metropolitan Area	Fujian	145,782
Bangtou Metropolitan Area	Fujian	339,181
Longxun Metropolitan Area	Fujian	158,318
Longyan Metropolitan Area	Fujian	410,404
Quanzhou Metropolitan Area	Fujian	4,009,700
Meishan Metropolitan Area	Fujian	120,112
Nanan Metropolitan Area	Fujian	118,623
Guanqiao Metropolitan Area	Fujian	179,347
Xiamen Metropolitan Area (Xiamen + Zhangzhou)	Fujian	5,333,178
Xiaoxi Metropolitan Area	Fujian	102,593
Nanzhao Metropolitan Area	Fujian	132,124
Yunling Metropolitan Area	Fujian	124,307
Suian Metropolitan Area	Fujian	106,629
Xucheng Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	174,341
Leizhou Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	334,786
Zhanjiang Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	1,275,720
Lianjiang Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	233,624
Huazhou Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	149,680
Changqichun Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	108,208
Wuchuan Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	320,298
Maoming Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	777,456
Dianbai Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	144,053
Liantou Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	112,955
Gaozhou Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	245,670
Xinyi Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	188,044
Yangxi County Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	106,092
Yangjiang Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	445,968
Yangchun Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	207,591
Enping Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	186,156
Luoding Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	224,474
Yunfu Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	218,851
Xinxing County Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	142,366
Zhaoqing Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	635,016
Huaiji County Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	106,623
Qingyuan Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	587,780
Kaiping Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	308,791
Danshuikou Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	124,054
Taishan Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	257,286
Doumen Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	186,767
Lianzhou Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	107,248
Shaoguan Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	622,686
Yingde Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	147,103
Shijiao Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	100,425
Conghua Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	189,903
Heyuan Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	377,911
Laolong Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	152,260
Zijin County Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	178,960
Huidong Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	381,618
Haifeng County Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	327,326
Shanwei Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	399,595
Lufeng Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	281,116
Jieshi Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	171,584
Jiazi Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	161,983
Huilai County Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	515,710
Jiexi County Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	111,583
Xingning Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	299,117
Shuizhai Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	194,721
Meizhou Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	451,530
Raoping County Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	116,954
Qiandong Metropolitan Area	Guangdong	360,868
Chaoshan (Shantou + Chaozhou + Jieyang)	Guangdong	12,663,882
Zhuijiang conurbation (Hong Kong + Shenzhen + Dongguan + Huizhou + Guangzhou + Foshan + Jiangmen + Zhongshan + Zhuhai + Macau)	Guangdong + Hong Kong + Macau	58,822,480
Haikou Metropolitan Area	Hainan	1,591,695
Danzhou Metropolitan Area	Hainan	205,199
Qionghai Metropolitan Area	Hainan	129,381
Sanya Metropolitan Area	Hainan	452,525
Ruili Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	163,239
Baoshan Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	372,209
Dali City Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	350,945
Lijiang Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	148,632
Lincang Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	125,501
Jinghong Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	110,737
Puer Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	171,436
Chuxiong City Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	282,550
Gejiu Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	200,494
Linan Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	131,545
Kaiyuan Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	133,048
Wenlan Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	134,657
Panzhihua Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	199,981
Yangguang Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	122,171
Yuxi Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	370,446
Miyang Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	111,670
Jinghong Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	129,679
Xuanwei Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	242,147
Qujing Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	423,122
Kunming Metropolitan Area	Yunnan	3,416,600
Xichang Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	281,791
Panzhihua Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	564,730
Yibin Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	453,683
Naxi Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	131,691
Luzhou Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	446,058
Hejiang County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	108,127
Longchang Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	311,632
Fushun Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	134,380
Zigong Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	414,628
Weiyuan Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	106,979
Rongxian Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	115,131
Neijiang Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	316,065
Zizhong County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	133,695
Leshan Metropolitan Area (Leshan + Emeishan City)	Sichuan	1,320,323
Meishan Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	661,443
Yaan Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	376,578
Renshou County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	142,543
Ziyang Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	516,028
Anyue County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	110,263
Suining Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	688,125
Daying County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	104,125
Shehong Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	237,362
Santai County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	126,749
Zhongjiang Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	147,271
Mianyang Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	538,166
Jiangyou Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	233,403
Jianyang Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	381,281
Chengdu Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	9,011,452
Shunqing Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	1,244,035
Nanbu County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	163,685
Langzhong Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	153,417
Yingshan Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	135,900
Guangan Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	523,802
Yuechi County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	129,392
Linshui County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	144,401
Dazhu County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	154,612
Qu County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	132,602
Dazhou Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	771,803
Xuanhan County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	109,020
Pingchang County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	135,267
Tongjiang County Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	101,743
Bazhong Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	848,389
Guangyuan Metropolitan Area	Sichuan	441,909
Qijiang Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	181,826
Nanchuan Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	335,471
Baisha Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	171,732
Rongchang Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	161,431
Yongchuan Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	694,286
Dazu Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	111,767
Tongnan Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	115,520
Chongqing Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	11,042,531
Changshou Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	164,070
Shuanglong Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	157,283
Longqiao Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	110,177
Dunren Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	508,301
Fengdu County Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	114,070
Zhong County Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	127,220
Dianjiang County Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	144,892
Wanzhou Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	537,372
Yunyang County Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	143,644
Kaizhou Metropolitan Area	Chongqing	105,588
Xingyi Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	212,962
Liuzhi Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	104,556
Anshun Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	635,886
Liupanshui Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	1,115,228
Weining Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	101,307
Zhijin County Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	111,791
Qianxi Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	199,427
Bijie Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	610,538
Guiyang Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	3,056,829
Duyun Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	180,494
Kaili City Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	386,453
Zunyi Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	1,297,883
Renhuai Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	106,167
Tongzi County Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	116,111
Tongren Metropolitan Area	Guizhou	255,612
Beihai Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	566,475
Qinzhou Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	205,408
Fangchenggang Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	107,515
Dongxing Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	125,104
Luchuan County Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	135,065
Bobai County Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	174,688
Yulin Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	814,022
Rongxian Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	113,855
Cenxi Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	220,053
Wuzhou Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	460,722
Pingnan Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	152,783
Guiping Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	193,500
Laibin Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	139,836
Guigang Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	324,439
Binyang County Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	214,555
Fucheng Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	141,192
Lingshan County Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	186,486
Nanning Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	2,591,094
Hezhou Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	167,042
Guilin Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	1,069,415
Liuzhou Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	1,451,939
Hechi Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	129,833
Baise Metropolitan Area	Guangxi	124,358
Yinchuan Metropolitan Area	Ningxia	1,440,105
Dawukou Metropolitan Area	Ningxia	141,933
Wuzhong Metropolitan Area	Ningxia	240,247
Chengguan Metropolitan Area	Qinghai	164,456
Xining Metropolitan Area	Qinghai	1,303,058
Hotan Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	216,546
Kargilik Town Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	134,157
Kashgar Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	498,252
Kizilsu Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	129,556
Aksu City Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	288,264
Kuqa Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	111,846
Bayingolin Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	392,233
Hami Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	218,398
Shihezi Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	379,563
Huiyuan Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	401,027
Karamay Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	245,077
Tacheng Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	101,155
Urumqi Metropolitan Area	Xinjiang	4,539,265
Lhasa Metropolitan Area	Xizang (Tibet)	273,179

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Cyprus

Data are referred to pre-1974 Northern Cyprus boundaries.

Urban population rate: 62% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Nicosia Metropolitan Area: 303,412
• Limassol Metropolitan Area: 191,161

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Georgia

Data are referret to pre-2008 Russo-Georgian War.

Urban population rate: 60% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Tbilisi Metropolitan Area: 988,278
• Batumi Metropolitan Area: 168,438
• Kutaisi Metropolitan Area: 132,035

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India

In India, a metropolitan city is defined as one with a population more than one million. In policing jurisdiction, state governments can declare any city or town with a population exceeding one million as a metropolitan area as per the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973.

Urban population rate: 38% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Delhi Metropolitan Area: 31,422,508
• Kolkata Metropolitan Area: 23,314,585
• Mumbai Metropolitan Area: 20,453,270
• Bengaluru Metropolitan Area: 15,178,533
• Chennai Metropolitan Area: 11,466,400
• Hajipur Metropolitan Area: 9,755,303
• Hyderabad Metropolitan Area: 9,455,230
• Ahmedabad Metropolitan Area: 7,898,650
• Calicut Metropolitan Area: 7,612,130
• Surat Metropolitan Area: 7,100,723
• Pune Metropolitan Area: 6,674,127
• Lucknow Metropolitan Area: 5,214,964
• Kochi Metropolitan Area: 5,069,022
• Kanpur Metropolitan Area: 4,413,625
• Jaipur Metropolitan Area: 4,229,050
• Varanasi Metropolitan Area: 3,812,496
• Indore Metropolitan Area: 3,598,874
• Nagpur Metropolitan Area: 3,399,891
• Maharajganj Metropolitan Area: 2,840,919
• Bhopal Metropolitan Area: 2,599,311
• Chandigarh Metropolitan Area: 2,417,872
• Coimbatore Metropolitan Area: 2,360,322
• Madurai Metropolitan Area: 2,184,066

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Indonesia

In Indonesia, the government of Indonesia defines a metropolitan area as an urban agglomeration where its spatial planning is prioritised due to its highly important influence on the country. Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Semarang, Medan, Makassar, Palembang are important metropolitan area in the country. Currently, there are 10 metropolitan cities in Indonesia that have been recognized by the government.

Urban population rate: 52% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Jakarta Metropolitan Area: 40,545,126
• Bandung Metropolitan Area: 8,691,181
• Surabaya Metropolitan Area: 6,856,993
• Medan Metropolitan Area: 4,350,624
• Semarang Metropolitan Area: 3,274,360
• Tasikmalaya Metropolitan Area: 2,973,169
• Yogyakarta Metropolitan Area: 2,742,763
• Makassar Metropolitan Area: 2,241,888
• Palembang Metropolitan Area: 2,203,124
• Denpasar Metropolitan Area: 2,005,950
• Malang Metropolitan Area: 1,888,200
• Cirebon Metropolitan Area: 1,634,253
• Surakarta Metropolitan Area: 1,497,108
• Tegal Metropolitan Area: 1,482,144
• Garut Metropolitan Area: 1,473,082
• Pekalongan Metropolitan Area: 1,279,644
• Purwokerto Metropolitan Area: 1,273,365
• Bandar Lampung Metropolitan Area: 1,257,828
• Pekanbaru Metropolitan Area: 1,226,041
• Samarinda Metropolitan Area: 1,225,373
• Padang Metropolitan Area: 1,210,988
• Mataram Metropolitan Area: 1,009,677

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Iran

Urban population rate: 76% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Tehran Metropolitan Area: 9,363,124
• Mashhad Metropolitan Area: 5,377,005
• Isfahan Metropolitan Area: 3'883,555
• Karaj Metropolitan Area: 3,108,455
• Tabriz Metropolitan Area: 2,700,367

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Iraq

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Baghdad Metropolitan Area: 6,891,722
• Basra Metropolitan Area: 2,131,556
• Mosul Metropolitan Area: 1,678,253
• Erbil Metropolitan Area: 1,514,144
• Najaf Metropolitan Area: 1,361,936
• Kirkuk Metropolitan Area: 1,238,662
• Duhok Metropolitan Area: 1,142,889
• Karbala Metropolitan Area: 1,078,646
• Hillah Metropolitan Area: 1,030,978

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Israel

Data are referred to 1949 Armistice boundaries, after 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

Urban population rate: 58% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area: 2,628,335
• Jerusalem Metropolitan Area (both Israeli and Palestinian part): 1,022,929
• Haifa Metropolitan Area: 449,588
• Ashdod Metropolitan Area: 282,181
• Beersheba Metropolitan Area: 205,400

---

Japan

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Tokyo Conurbation (Tokyo + Kawasaki + Yokohama + Saitama + Chiba + Takasaki + Isesaki + Ota)	34,835,218
Keihanshin Conurbation (Osaka + Kobe + Kyoto + Nara + Sakai + Himeji + Wakayama)	15,165,176
Chukyo Conurbation (Nagoya + Gifu + Toyota + Okazaki + Yokkaichi)	7,890,477
Fukuoka Metropolitan Area	2,213,305
Sapporo Metropolitan Area	1,931,424
Sendai Metropolitan Area	1,269,675
Kitakyushu Metropolitan Area	1,208,935
Hiroshima Metropolitan Area	1,150,148
Okinawa Island Metropolitan Area (Naha + Okinawa)	1,065,339
Okayama Metropolitan Area (Okayama + Kurashiki)	847,111
Kumamoto Metropolitan Area	624,648
Kanazawa Metropolitan Area	527,097
Otsu Metropolitan Area	514,884
Toyohashi Metropolitan Area	500,228
Kagoshima Metropolitan Area	453,833
Niigata Metropolitan Area	437,871
Matsuyama Metropolitan Area	421,736
Numazu Metropolitan Area	374,197
Oita Metropolitan Area	363,332
Kofu Metropolitan Area	335,934
Fukuyama Metropolitan Area	355,566
Utsunomiya Metropolitan Area	337,161
Fujieda Metropolitan Area	318,978
Takamatsu Metropolitan Area	314,296
Nagasaki Metropolitan Area	297,631
Asahikawa Metropolitan Area	288,867
Mito Metropolitan Area (Mito + Hitachinaka)	284,338
Hamamatsu Metropolitan Area	267,033
Nagano Metropolitan Area	264,480
Hakodate Metropolitan Area	263,045
Miyazaki Metropolitan Area	247,744
Tokushima Metropolitan Area	242,829
Toyama Metropolitan Area	239,820
Shizuoka Metropolitan Area	233,904
Morioka Metropolitan Area	217,880
Koriyama Metropolitan Area	215,513
Kochi Metropolitan Area	213,691
Akita Metropolitan Area	211,383
Yamagata Metropolitan Area	206,358
Tsuchiura Metropolitan Area	195,325
Aomori Metropolitan Area	179,937
Marugame Metropolitan Area	171,220
Fukushima Metropolitan Area	170,143
Fuji Metropolitan Area	167,426
Kisarazu Metropolitan Area	165,839
Sanda Metropolitan Area	164,419
Hitachi Metropolitan Area	162,932
Fukui Metropolitan Area	161,762
Ube Metropolitan Area	152,722
Takaoka Metropolitan Area	144,427
Kushiro Metropolitan Area	143,420
Obihiro Metropolitan Area	140,962
Shūnan Metropolitan Area	137,818
Niihama Metropolitan Area	134,067
Kurume Metropolitan Area	133,391
Matsumoto Metropolitan Area	125,858
Hachinohe Metropolitan Area	124,493
Omuta Metropolitan Area	122,197
Tomakomai Metropolitan Area	117,181
Beppu Metropolitan Area	113,901
Hikone Metropolitan Area	113,437
Yonago Metropolitan Area	112,806
Sasebo Metropolitan Area	104,105
Iwaki Metropolitan Area	103,547
Hirosaki Metropolitan Area	100,073
Muroran Metropolitan Area	100,039

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Jordan

Urban population rate: 83% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Amman Metropolitan Area: 6,425,246
• Irbid Metropolitan Area: 704,577
• Madaba Metropolitan Area: 104,759

---

Kazakhstan

Urban population rate: 66% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Almaty Metropolitan Area	2,315,538
Shymkent Metropolitan Area	1,239,663
Astana Metropolitan Area	1,128,140
Aktobe Metropolitan Area	420,695
Semey Metropolitan Area	291,783
Aktau Metropolitan Area	259,510
Kyzylorda Metropolitan Area	237,992
Pavlodar Metropolitan Area	235,889
Atyrau Metropolitan Area	231,440
Turkestan Metropolitan Area	215,873
Ural Metropolitan Area	208,766
Oskemen Metropolitan Area	197,281
Taraz Metropolitan Area	192,656
Karaganda Metropolitan Area	191,772
Temirtau Metropolitan Area	154,580
Petropavl Metropolitan Area	153,560
Kostanay Metropolitan Area	136,333
Taldykorgan Metropolitan Area	131,397
Zhanaozen Metropolitan Area	109,850
Kokshetau Metropolitan Area	100,846

---

Kuwait

Urban population rate: 98% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Kuwait City Metropolitan Area: 3,703,486

---

Kyrgyzstan

Urban population rate: 42% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Bishkek Metropolitan Area: 1,428,079
• Osh Metropolitan Area: 481,389

---

Laos

Urban population rate: 43% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Vientiane Metropolitan Area (Vientiane + Si Chiang Mai): 166,271

---

Lebanon

Urban population rate: 90% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Beirut Metropolitan Area: 1,538,386

---

Malaysia + Singapore

]]Urban population rate: 77% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Kuala Lumpur Metropolitan Area	8,851,535
Singapore Metropolitan Area (including Johor Bahru)	7,934,034
Georgetown Metropolitan Area (Georgetown + Kulim District)	1,513,764
Ipoh Metropolitan Area	861,933
Kota Kinabalu Metropolitan Area	810,843
Kuching Metropolitan Area	587,986
Malacca City Metropolitan Area	544,035
Seremban Metropolitan Area	390,884
Tawau Metropolitan Area	354,494
Sandakan Metropolitan Area	337,268
Kota Bharu Metropolitan Area	326,948
Sungai Petani Metropolitan Area	269,176
Kuantan Metropolitan Area	217,879
Alor Setar Metropolitan Area	203,262
Taiping Metropolitan Area	198,018
Miri Metropolitan Area	187,443
Sibu Metropolitan Area	185,385
Kuala Terengganu Metropolitan Area	147,996
Lahad Datu Metropolitan Area	133,110
Kluang Metropolitan Area	109,597
Muar Metropolitan Area	106,024
Bintulu Metropolitan Area	101,436
Semporna Metropolitan Area	101,230

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Maldives

• Malé Metropolitan Area: 229,283 (2024).

---

Mongolia

Urban population rate: 69% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Ulaanbaatar Metropolitan Area: 1,634,097

---

Myanmar

Urban population rate: 42% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Yangon Metropolitan Area: 6,190,958
• Mandalay Metropolitan Area: 1,849,446

---

Nepal

Urban population rate: 25% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Kathmandu Metropolitan Area: 3,862,697
• Biratnagar Metropolitan Area (Biratnagar + Jogbani + Inaruwa + Laukhi): 1,385,038
• Pokhara Metropolitan Area: 151,399
• Bharatpur Metropolitan Area: 153,049
• Tulsipur Metropolitan Area: 101,378

---

North Korea

Boundaries are referred to the Third inter-Korean summit agreement (2018).

Urban population rate: 67% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Kaesong Metropolitan Area	280,963
Haeju Metropolitan Area	263,992
Sariwon Metropolitan Area	401,117
Songrim Metropolitan Area	256,211
Nampo Metropolitan Area	144,643
Gangseo-gu Metropolitan Area	260,531
Pyongyang Metropolitan Area	2,868,313
Wonsan Metropolitan Area	370,729
Munchon Metropolitan Area	117,274
Pyongsong Metropolitan Area	300,843
Sunchon Metropolitan Area	154,047
Sukchon County Metropolitan Area	106,846
Anju Metropolitan Area	256,943
Kaechon Metropolitan Area	164,966
Tokchon Metropolitan Area	152,025
Chongju Metropolitan Area	170,999
Sonchon County Metropolitan Area	112,903
Kusong Metropolitan Area	108,791
Ryongchon County Metropolitan Area	125,259
Huichon Metropolitan Area	117,534
Kanggye Metropolitan Area	314,915
Jeongpyeong Metropolitan Area	108,488
Hamju County Metropolitan Area	105,812
Hamhung Metropolitan Area	745,725
Hongwon County Metropolitan Area	116,941
Tanchon Metropolitan Area	114,551
Kimchaek Metropolitan Area	196,760
Kilju County Metropolitan Area	108,885
Musan County Metropolitan Area	106,601
Chongjin Metropolitan Area	683,870
Rason Metropolitan Area	106,938

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Oman

Urban population rate: 78% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Muscat Metropolitan Area (Muscat + Seeb + Ruwi): 1,339,009
• Salalah Metropolitan Area: 247,073
• Sohar Metropolitan Area: 139,036

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Pakistan

Pakistan has nine metropolitan areas with populations greater than a million. Five of these are entirely in Punjab including Lahore, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Multan; one (Islamabad-Rawalpindi is split between Punjab and the Islamabad Capital Territory; two are located in Sindh, including Karachi, the largest metropolitan area in the country, and Hyderabad; one in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Peshawar; and the final in Balochistan: Quetta.

Data are referred to 1972 Simla Agreement borders, after 1971 Indo-Pakistani war.

Urban population rate: 39% (2015)

+ !Name !Population !Year !Notes
Karachi Metropolitan Area	13,150,694	2015
Lahore Metropolitan Area	10,114,718
Rawalpindi Metropolitan Area (Rawalpindi + Islamabad)	3,738,564
Faisalabad Metropolitan Area	3,563,007
Gujranwala Metropolitan Area	2,788,655
Peshawar Metropolitan Area	2,764,734
Multan Metropolitan Area	2,422,577
Sialkot Metropolitan Area	1,885,761
Hyderabad Metropolitan Area	1,835,126
Mingora Metropolitan Area	1,057,542
Mardan Metropolitan Area	1,026,217
Abbottabad Metropolitan Area	960,783
Quetta Metropolitan Area	749,960
Sargodha Metropolitan Area	657,394
Gujrat Metropolitan Area	622,644
Wah Cantonment Metropolitan Area	521,616
Bannu Metropolitan Area	494,277
Haripur Metropolitan Area	474,638
Larkana Metropolitan Area	466,569
Mansehra Metropolitan Area	465,955
Shahkot Metropolitan Area	460,340
Charsadda Metropolitan Area	421,797
Sukkur Metropolitan Area	419,044
Bahawalpur Metropolitan Area	412,812
Jehangira Metropolitan Area	392,541
Dera Ghazi Khan Metropolitan Area	386,996
Chakwal Metropolitan Area	380,689
Okara Metropolitan Area	377,333
Nowshera Metropolitan Area	376,682
Kasur Metropolitan Area	368,064
Shakargarh Metropolitan Area	366,175
Swabi Metropolitan Area	350,349
Kohat Metropolitan Area	349,873
Jhelum Metropolitan Area	335,764
Muridike Metropolitan Area	332,238
Sahiwal Metropolitan Area	331,522
Muzaffarabad Metropolitan Area	329,099
Hazro Metropolitan Area	325,085
Chakdarra Metropolitan Area	312,554
Shabqadar Metropolitan Area	306,185
Jhang Sada Metropolitan Area	303,289
Jacobabad Metropolitan Area	301,179
Narowal Metropolitan Area	279,768
Rahim Yar Khan Metropolitan Area	274,839
Takhat Bhai Metropolitan Area	270,145
Tangi Metropolitan Area	254,085
Hafizabad Metropolitan Area	252,160
Muzaffargarh Metropolitan Area	245,691
Mandi Bahauddin Metropolitan Area	240,604
Wazirabad Metropolitan Area	232,325
Qila Khudabadan Metropolitan Area	221,239
Shikarpur Metropolitan Area	221,057
Mandi Metropolitan Area	209,396
Jampur Metropolitan Area	208,805
Pattoki Metropolitan Area	208,708
Kharian Metropolitan Area	191,229
Chunian Metropolitan Area	178,925
Tando Muhammad Khan Metropolitan Area	173,445
Lala Mosa Metropolitan Area	171,681
Khairpur Metropolitan Area	167,568
Khandhkot Metropolitan Area	167,179
Charman Metropolitan Area	165,834
Zangun Metropolitan Area	164,498
Dadu Metropolitan Area	162,534
Sherpur Metropolitan Area	160,249
Sadiqabad Metropolitan Area	158,903
Bhara Khao Metropolitan Area	155,834
Pakpattan Metropolitan Area	155,767
Ghotki Metropolitan Area	154,294
Fatehjang Metropolitan Area	153,965
Burewala Metropolitan Area	151,529
Pindi Gheb Metropolitan Area	147,718
Bat Khela Metropolitan Area	147,435
Chiniot Metropolitan Area	146,702
Chuchar Metropolitan Area	143,388
Pasrur Metropolitan Area	142,975
Usta Muhammad Metropolitan Area	137,181
Khanewal Metropolitan Area	135,503
Gojra Metropolitan Area	134,727
Shaikh Jana Metropolitan Area	131,956
Thul Metropolitan Area	130,017
Kahuta Metropolitan Area	129,479
Gali Bagh Metropolitan Area	126,721
Shujaabad Metropolitan Area	125,952
Topi Metropolitan Area	123,669
Daroli Metropolitan Area	116,619
Attock Metropolitan Area	113,767
Sangla Metropolitan Area	112,475
Mithankot Metropolitan Area	111,038
Thatta Metropolitan Area	110,185
Jambar Kalan Metropolitan Area	109,682
Dera Ismail Khan Metropolitan Area	109,448
Kabirwala Metropolitan Area	108,910
Lodhran Metropolitan Area	108,590
Moro Metropolitan Area	108,243
Havelian Metropolitan Area	106,307
Shal Bandai Metropolitan Area	106,132
Mehar Metropolitan Area	106,034
Arifwala Metropolitan Area	105,263
Khanpur Metropolitan Area	104,403
Alipur Metropolitan Area	101,977
Khot Kakka Shah Metropolitan Area	100,884

---

Palestine

Data are referred to 1949 Armistice boundaries, after 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

Urban population rate: 78% (2023). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2023, before the Gaza war.

• Gaza City Strip Conurbation (Gaza + Rafah): 1,922,681
• Ramallah Metropolitan Area: 1,054,623
• Hebron Metropolitan Area: 414,422
• Nablus Metropolitan Area: 209,246
• Tulkarm Metropolitan Area (Tulkarm + Tayibe): 158,781

---

Philippines

The Philippines currently has three metropolitan areas defined by the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA). These metropolitan areas are separated into three main geographical areas; Metro Manila (which is located in Luzon), Metro Cebu (which is located in Visayas), Metro Davao (which is located in Mindanao), and Greater Manila Area (which is the largest metropolitan area of Manila). The official definition of each area does not necessarily follow the actual extent of continuous urbanization. For example, the built-up area of Metro Manila has long spilled out of its officially defined borders into the adjacent provinces of Bulacan, Rizal, Laguna, and Cavite known as Greater Manila Area. The number of metropolitan areas in the Philippines was reduced from 13 in 2007 to the current three based from the 2017–2022 Philippine Development Plan by NEDA. The other 10 metropolitan areas were Metro Angeles, Metro Bacolod, Metro Baguio, Metro Batangas, Metro Cagayan de Oro, Metro Dagupan, Metro Iloilo–Guimaras, Butuan, Metro Naga, and Metro Olongapo.

Urban population rate: 59% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Manila Metropolitan Area (Manila + Angeles + Lipa + Batangas)	30,565,371
Cebu City Metropolitan Area	3,191,585
Davao City Metropolitan Area	1,651,086
Dagupan Metropolitan Area	973,316
Cagayan de Oro Metropolitan Area	950,102
Bacolod Metropolitan Area	690,717
Zamboanga City Metropolitan Area	498,587
Iloilo City Metropolitan Area	489,034
General Santos Metropolitan Area	452,060
Baguio Metropolitan Area	451,844
Batangas City Metropolitan Area	326,496
Naga Metropolitan Area	291,374
Iligan Metropolitan Area	279,731
Cotabato Metropolitan Area	274,670
Tagum Metropolitan Area	252,700
Tacloban Metropolitan Area	244,458
Lipa Metropolitan Area	235,919
Legaspi Metropolitan Area	221,694
Marawi Metropolitan Area	207,205
Cabanatuan Metropolitan Area	198,568
Butuan Metropolitan Area	185,655
Olongapo Metropolitan Area	182,832
Tarlac Metropolitan Area	181,691
San Pablo Metropolitan Area	174,317
San Pedro Metropolitan Area	172,148
Dumaguete Metropolitan Area	166,127
Guagua Metropolitan Area	160,448
Puerto Princesa Metropolitan Area	156,713
Pagadian Metropolitan Area	145,146
San Fernando Metropolitan Area	134,798
Malolos Metropolitan Area	123,101
Tuguegarao Metropolitan Area	122,965
Tagbilaran Metropolitan Area	120,097
Ozamiz Metropolitan Area	117,388
Roxas City Metropolitan Area	108,370
Dipolog Metropolitan Area	108,335
Balanga Metropolitan Area	108,162
Gapan Metropolitan Area	103,963

---

Qatar

Urban population rate: 46% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Doha Metropolitan Area: 2,076,720

---

Saudi Arabia

Urban population rate: 86% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Riyadh Metropolitan Area: 7,970,319
• Jeddah Metropolitan Area: 4,842,257
• Dammam Metropolitan Area: 2,634,829
• Mecca Metropolitan Area: 1,876,451
• Medina Metropolitan Area: 1,565,146

---

South Korea

Boundaries are referred to the Third inter-Korean summit agreement (2018).

Urban population rate: 86% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Sudokwon Conurbation (Seoul + Incheon + nearby cities in Gyeonggi Province)	23,366,117
South Gyeongsang Conurbation (Busan + Gimhae + Yangsan + Changwon)	4,494,463
Daegu Metropolitan Area	2,300,085
Daejeon Metropolitan Area	1,504,229
Gwangju Metropolitan Area	1,428,492
Ulsan Metropolitan Area	941,217
Jeonju Metropolitan Area (Jeonju + Iksan)	786,341
Cheongju Metropolitan Area	691,161
Cheonan Metropolitan Area (Cheonan + Asan)	504,349
Pohang Metropolitan Area	373,323
Gumi Metropolitan Area	286,529
Suncheon Metropolitan Area (Suncheon + Gwangyang + Yeosu)	265,434
Jinju Metropolitan Area	238,454
Chuncheon Metropolitan Area	229,165
Mokpo Metropolitan Area	228,462
Wonju Metropolitan Area	218,041
Gunsan Metropolitan Area	177,647
Gangneung Metropolitan Area	118,784

---

Sri Lanka

Urban population rate: 20% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Colombo Metropolitan Area: 4,881,182
• Kandy Metropolitan Area: 850,450
• Matara Metropolitan Area: 225,584
• Jaffna Metropolitan Area: 214,344
• Galle Metropolitan Area: 197,578
• Kalmunai Metropolitan Area: 134,013
• Batticaloa Metropolitan Area: 125,685

---

Syria

Urban population rate: 63% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Damascus Metropolitan Area: 3,771,638

---

Taiwan

Boundaries are referred to the territories administrated by the Republic of China, after Cross-Strait Act (1992).

Urban population rate: 80% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Northern Conurbation (Taipei + Taoyuan + Zhubei + Hsinchu + Toufen)	10,687,535
Southern Conurbation (Tainan + Kaohsiung + Pingtung City)	3,595,567
Central Conurbation (Taichung + Changhua + Nantou County + Yunlin County)	3,447,544
Chiayi Metropolitan Area	460,979
Hualien City Metropolitan Area	137,533

---

Tajikistan

Urban population rate: 34% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Dushanbe Metropolitan Area (Dushanbe + Hisor + Kofarnihon): 1,759,769
• Khujand Metropolitan Area (Khujand + Ckalovsk + Qistaquz): 454,273
• Kulob Metropolitan Area: 177,692

---

Thailand

Urban population rate: 42% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Krung Thep Conurbation (Bangkok and nearby cities)	19,378,454
Phuket Metropolitan Area	742,871
Chiang Mai Metropolitan Area	692,242
Hat Yai Metropolitan Area	436,777
Chonburi Metropolitan Area	263,106
Pattaya Metropolitan Area	253,538
Nakhon Pathom Metropolitan Area	185,771
Si Racha Metropolitan Area	168,554
Phitsanulok Metropolitan Area	165,001
Songkhla Metropolitan Area	162,380
Nakhon Ratchasima Metropolitan Area	159,579
Khon Kaen Metropolitan Area	154,057
Surat Thani Metropolitan Area	150,127
Udon Thani Metropolitan Area	149,983
Nakhon Si Thammarat Metropolitan Area	146,307
Rayong Metropolitan Area	138,423
Lopburi Metropolitan Area	128,924
Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Metropolitan Area	126,849
Ubon Ratchathani Metropolitan Area	126,488
Ranong Metropolitan Area	118,553
Yala Metropolitan Area	111,221
Ban Chang Metropolitan Area	110,390
Kanchanaburi Metropolitan Area	102,628

---

Timor Leste

Urban population rate: 36% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Dili Metropolitan Area: 381,794

---

Turkey

The word metropolitan describes the central municipality governing local services in a province with more than 750.000 residents in Turkey, like Istanbul and its metropolitan municipality, the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. There are 30 officially defined "metropolitan municipalities" in Turkey.Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey This classification, however, is only used for administrative purposes, and sometimes contradicts the colloquial use of the term "metro area". As an example, Gebze, a district in Kocaeli Province province and thus in the jurisdiction of the Kocaeli Metropolitan Municipality, is arguably within the metro area of Istanbul with many of its residents commuting to Istanbul for work and the Marmaray, a commuter rail line, extending into the district. The district however, as previously mentioned, is not a part of Istanbul's provincial limits, and thus not subject to the jurisdiction of its metropolitan municipality. The word metropolitan (municipality) is generally only used as an administrative distinction in Turkey.

Urban population rate: 73% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Istanbul Metropolitan Area	14,210,222
Ankara Metropolitan Area	5,402,165
Izmir Metropolitan Area	2,457,529
Bursa Metropolitan Area	2,366,448
Gaziantep Metropolitan Area	1,681,270
Antalya Metropolitan Area	1,372,672
Konya Metropolitan Area	1,017,329
Mersin Metropolitan Area	800,548
Izmit Metropolitan Area	784,331
Kayseri Metropolitan Area	772,654
Adana Metropolitan Area	737,574
Samsun Metropolitan Area	559,413
Denizli Metropolitan Area	537,507
Diyarbakir Metropolitan Area	536,794
Eskisehir Metropolitan Area	528,380
Kahramanmaras Metropolitan Area	464,945
Van Metropolitan Area	451,519
Malatya Metropolitan Area	447,745
Urfa Metropolitan Area	431,505
Antakya Metropolitan Area	397,544
Trabzon Metropolitan Area	364,103
Batman Metropolitan Area	363,642
Elazig Metropolitan Area	324,305
Sivas Metropolitan Area	303,202
Sakarya Province Metropolitan Area	269,660
Manisa Metropolitan Area	294,069
Iskenderun Metropolitan Area	256,743
Cerkezkoy Metropolitan Area	242,264
Isparta Metropolitan Area	234,121
Osmaniye Metropolitan Area	225,567
Aydin Metropolitan Area	210,247
Adiyaman Metropolitan Area	203,680
Yenice Metropolitan Area	181,480
Corum Metropolitan Area	181,012
Ordu Metropolitan Area	180,011
Siverek Metropolitan Area	160,312
Tarsus Metropolitan Area	159,692
Zonguldak Metropolitan Area	158,521
Inegol Metropolitan Area	155,697
Giresun Metropolitan Area	147,434
Usak Metropolitan Area	141,288
Duzce Metropolitan Area	139,560
Yumurtalik Metropolitan Area	139,104
Siirt Metropolitan Area	136,101
Tokat Metropolitan Area	134,631
Karabuk Metropolitan Area	130,402
Kutahya Metropolitan Area	129,641
Erzurum Metropolitan Area	129,246
Karaman Metropolitan Area	127,506
Aksaray Metropolitan Area	126,210
Turgutlu Metropolitan Area	125,953
Rize Metropolitan Area	123,482
Agri Metropolitan Area	121,725
Yalova Metropolitan Area	120,828
Afyonkarahisar Metropolitan Area	120,660
Fethiye Metropolitan Area	117,452
Keskin Metropolitan Area	114,207
Viransehir Metropolitan Area	113,091
Kadirli Metropolitan Area	111,158
Silopi Metropolitan Area	105,037
Eregli Metropolitan Area	104,760
Cizre Metropolitan Area	104,061
Ceyhan Metropolitan Area	103,840
Elbistan Metropolitan Area	100,020

---

Turkmenistan

Urban population rate: 57% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Ashgabat Metropolitan Area: 1,144,222
• Mary Metropolitan Area: 243,436
• Turkmenabat Metropolitan Area: 215,520
• Dasoguz Metropolitan Area: 182,056

---

United Arab Emirates

Dubai-Sharjah-Ajman (DSA) is a metropolitan area in the United Arab Emirates. It consists of the combined, greater urban areas of Dubai, Ajman, and Sharjah. The urban areas at the northeast end of Dubai flow into those of Sharjah, which in turn are contiguous with those of Ajman. The total population is about 5.9 million people as of 2023

Urban population rate: 87% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Dubai Metropolitan Area (Dubai + Sharjah): 4,565,478
• Abu Dhabi Metropolitan Area: 1,052,835
• Al Ain Metropolitan Area (Al-Ain + Al-Buraimi): 854,940
• Ras al-Haymah Metropolitan Area: 259,127

---

Uzbekistan

Urban population rate: 44% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Tashkent Metropolitan Area	3,874,653
Namangan Metropolitan Area	927,908
Samarkand Metropolitan Area	892,554
Andijan Metropolitan Area	792,858
Fergana Metropolitan Area	759,423
Qarshi Metropolitan Area	512,027
Jizzakh Metropolitan Area	357,127
Shahrisabz Metropolitan Area	334,628
Kokand Metropolitan Area	303,759
Nukus Metropolitan Area	288,240
Tortkul Metropolitan Area	252,614
Termez Metropolitan Area	242,044
Urgench Metropolitan Area	215,566
Kattakurgan Metropolitan Area	153,433
Denov Metropolitan Area	146,220
Bukhara Metropolitan Area	137,440
Khiva Metropolitan Area	136,679
Oltiariq Metropolitan Area	120,162
Kosonsoy Metropolitan Area	115,631
Quva Metropolitan Area	113,493
Gijduvon Metropolitan Area	110,910
Navoiy Metropolitan Area	110,554
Ibrat Metropolitan Area	101,566
Asaka Metropolitan Area	101,170
Shahrixon Metropolitan Area	100,375

---

Vietnam

Urban population rate: 38% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Ho Chi Minh (Sai Gon) Metropolitan Area	15,430,069
Hanoi Metropolitan Area	7,265,805
Can Tho Metropolitan Area	1,652,649
Da Nang Metropolitan Area	1,265,560
Haiphong Metropolitan Area	1,003,753
My Tho Metropolitan Area	461,520
Long Xuyen Metropolitan Area	550,869
Vinh Long Metropolitan Area	484,198
Vung Tau Metropolitan Area	476,737
Nha Trang Metropolitan Area	443,626
Tay Ninh Metropolitan Area	436,732
Hue Metropolitan Area	383,941
Thai Nguyen Metropolitan Area	363,000
Vinh Metropolitan Area	349,192
Thanh Hoa Metropolitan Area	343,001
Quang Ngai Metropolitan Area	340,820
Buon Ma Thuot Metropolitan Area	316,655
Nam Dinh Metropolitan Area	292,782
Quy Nhon Metropolitan Area	282,795
Rach Gia Metropolitan Area	276,783
Thai Binh Metropolitan Area	268,330
Phan Thiet Metropolitan Area	243,919
Pleiku Metropolitan Area	199,908
Bac Lieu Metropolitan Area	199,141
Phan Rang Metropolitan Area	198,679
Da Lat Metropolitan Area	195,370
Ca Mau Metropolitan Area	193,377
Ha Long Metropolitan Area	178,597
Lac Thanh Metropolitan Area	177,136
Cao Lanh Metropolitan Area	173,133
Cai Lay Metropolitan Area	172,776
Tra Vinh Metropolitan Area	159,016
Tuy Hoa Metropolitan Area	158,744
Binh Phuoc Metropolitan Area	155,011
Cao Mat Metropolitan Area	149,729
Kon Tum Metropolitan Area	144,425
Son Tay (Ha Noi) Metropolitan Area	139,803
Vinh Yen Metropolitan Area	139,418
Soc Trang Metropolitan Area	133,858
Viet Tri Metropolitan Area	129,341
Long Le Metropolitan Area	125,920
Mong Cai Metropolitan Area (Mong Cai + Dongxing)	125,104
Cam Pha Metropolitan Area	122,988
Ninh Binh Metropolitan Area	122,236
Cai Be Metropolitan Area	120,234
Tuyen Quang Metropolitan Area	114,216
Phu Ly Metropolitan Area	112,705
Tien Thanh Metropolitan Area	112,508
Tân Phú Metropolitan Area	111,991
Lang Son Metropolitan Area	110,770
Ho Kou Metropolitan Area (Ho Kou + Hekou)	105,453
Xuan Loc Metropolitan Area	103,836
Gia Rai Metropolitan Area	102,299
Yen Bai Metropolitan Area	102,149
Tam Ky Metropolitan Area	100,935
Vinh Tuy Metropolitan Area	100,364

---

Central America and Caribbeans

---

Bahamas

Urban population rate: 87% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Nassau Conurbation: 261,235

---

Barbados

Urban population rate: 53% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Bridgetown Conurbation: 152,912

---

Costa Rica

Urban population rate: 70% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• San Jose Conurbation: 2,461,955

---

Cuba

Urban population rate: 80% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Havana Metropolitan Area: 1,632,772

---

Dominican Republic

Urban population rate: 75% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Santo Domingo Metropolitan Area: 4,593,164

---

El Salvador

Urban population rate: 70% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• San Salvador Conurbation: 1,615,741
• Santa Ana Metropolitan Area: 205,665
• Sonsonate Metropolitan Area: 181,726
• San Miguel Metropolitan Area: 165,222
• Lourdes Metropolitan Area: 134,316

---

Guatemala

Urban population rate: 57% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Guatemala City Metropolitan Area: 2,900,619

---

Haiti

Urban population rate: 63% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Port-au-Prince Metropolitan Area: 1,733,378

---

Honduras

Urban population rate: 59% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Tegucigalpa Conurbation: 1,653,509
• San Pedro Sula Conurbation: 1,547,548
• La Ceiba Metropolitan Area: 300,948
• El Progreso Metropolitan Area: 138,954
• Choluteca Metropolitan Area: 128,127
• Comayagua Metropolitan Area: 113,060

---

Jamaica

Urban population rate: 60% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Kingston Conurbation: 936,134
• Montego Bay Metropolitan Area: 116,517

---

Nicaragua

Urban population rate: 64% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Managua Conurbation: 1,690,329
• Leon Metropolitan Area: 155,985
• Matagalpa Metropolitan Area: 134,380
• Esteli Metropolitan Area: 113,538
• Puerto Cabezas Metropolitan Area: 107,012
• Chinandega Metropolitan Area: 104,366

---

Panama

Urban population rate: 80% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Panama City Conurbation: 2,043,187
• Colon Metropolitan Area: 187,546
• David Metropolitan Area: 126,995

---

Trinidad and Tobago

Urban population rate: 19% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Port of Spain Conurbation: 474,070
• Chaguanas Metropolitan Area: 131,058
• San Fernando Metropolitan Area: 119,286

---

Europe

The European Union's statistical agency Eurostat, in partnership with OECD, has created a concept named functional urban area (FUA). The FUA represents an attempt at a harmonised definition of the metropolitan area, and the goal was to have an area from which a significant share of the residents commute into the city. The FUA consists of a city and its commuting zone, which is a contiguous area of spatial units that have at least 15% of their employed residents working in the city.

European Union/FAO/UN-Habitat/OECD/The World Bank (2025). 9789276203063, Publications Office of the European Union. . ISBN 9789276203063

A further, derived concept is the typology of metropolitan regions. A NUTS 3 region (or a group thereof) is considered to be metropolitan, if at least 50% of its residents live inside a FUA with a population of 250,000 or more. NUTS 3 regions not meeting these criteria are considered to be non-metropolitan regions.

---

Albania

Urban population rate: 61% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Tirana Metropolitan Area: 995,789
• Durrës Metropolitan Area: 131,865

---

Austria

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Vienna Metropolitan Area: 2,056,565
• Graz Metropolitan Area: 306,742
• Linz Metropolitan Area: 243,243
• Innsbruck Metropolitan Area: 144,226
• Salzburg Metropolitan Area: 143,452

---

Belarus

Urban population rate: 79% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Minsk Metropolitan Area	2,093,512
Gomel Metropolitan Area	571,257
Vitebsk Metropolitan Area	382,195
Mogilev Metropolitan Area	334,165
Brest Metropolitan Area (Brest + Terespol)	326,182
Grodno Metropolitan Area	309,064
Babruysk Metropolitan Area	197,539
Baranavichy Metropolitan Area	162,854
Pinsk Metropolitan Area	132,029
Barysaw Metropolitan Area	112,218

---

Belgium

Urban population rate: 98% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Brussels Metropolitan Area: 1,468,754
• Antwerp Metropolitan Area: 767,652
• Liege Metropolitan Area: 373,662
• Ghent Metropolitan Area: 250,379
• Charleroi Metropolitan Area: 222,465

---

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Urban population rate: 56% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Sarajevo Metropolitan Area: 235,734

---

Bulgaria

Urban population rate: 76% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Sofia Metropolitan Area: 1,068,057
• Plovdiv Metropolitan Area: 331,578
• Varna Metropolitan Area: 286,140
• Burgas Metropolitan Area: 102,154

---

Croatia

Urban population rate: 65% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Zagreb Metropolitan Area: 643,962
• Split Metropolitan Area: 215,968
• Rijeka Metropolitan Area: 115,636

---

Czechia

Urban population rate: 78% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Prague Metropolitan Area: 1,201,278
• Brno Metropolitan Area: 313,582
• Ostrava Metropolitan Area: 150,766
• Plzen Metropolitan Area: 146,255

---

Denmark

Urban population rate: 89% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Copenhagen Metropolitan Area: 1,338,887
• Aarhus Metropolitan Area: 252,649
• Odense Metropolitan Area: 147,088
• Aalborg Metropolitan Area: 101,029

---

Estonia

Urban population rate: 74% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Tallinn Metropolitan Area: 449,861

---

Finland

Urban population rate: 88% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Helsinki Metropolitan Area (Helsinki + Espoo): 1,001,125
• Tampere Metropolitan Area: 153,567
• Turku Metropolitan Area: 104,248

---

France

France's national statistics office, INSEE, names an urban core and its surrounding area of commuter influence an (AAV, literally meaning "catchment area of a city"), plural: aires d'attraction des villes. The official translation of this statistical area in English (as used by INSEE) is "functional area". The AAV follows the same definition as the Functional Urban Area (FUA) used by Eurostat and the OECD, and the AAVs are thus strictly comparable to the FUAs.

The AAV replaced in 2020 the metropolitan statistical area called aire urbaine (AU). The AU, which was defined differently than the AAV, has now been discarded by INSEE and replaced with the AAV in order to facilitate international comparisons.

Urban population rate: 88% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Ile-de-France Conurbation	10,242,434
Lyon Metropolitan Area	1,194,741
Marseille Metropolitan Area	911,934
Lille Metropolitan Area (Lille + Mouscron)	907,123
Toulouse Metropolitan Area	712,882
Bordeaux Metropolitan Area	642,756
French Riviera Conurbation (Nice + Cannes)	606,433
Nantes Metropolitan Area	472,262
Strasbourg Metropolitan Area (Strasbourg + Kehl)	419,245
Toulon Metropolitan Area	368,851
Grenoble Metropolitan Area	338,199
Rouen Metropolitan Area	320,960
Montpellier Metropolitan Area	293,865
Rennes Metropolitan Area	227,572
Nancy Metropolitan Area	213,797
Tours Metropolitan Area	211,591
Dijon Metropolitan Area	208,040
Cambrin Metropolitan Area	207,779
Clermont-Ferrand Metropolitan Area	191,311
Saint Denis Metropolitan Area (Reunion)	189,854
Reims Metropolitan Area	189,743
Mulhouse Metropolitan Area	189,297
Le Havre Metropolitan Area	187,643
Orleans Metropolitan Area	179,869
Angers Metropolitan Area	176,839
Saint-Etienne Metropolitan Area	172,766
Caen Metropolitan Area	164,788
Noumea Metropolitan Area (New Caledonia)	153,190
Metz Metropolitan Area	151,221
Le Mans Metropolitan Area	147,383
Brest Metropolitan Area	142,527
Amiens Metropolitan Area	136,532
Limoges Metropolitan Area	129,255
Dunkirk Metropolitan Area	127,529
Mamoudzou Metropolitan Area (Mayotte)	127,511
Perpignan Metropolitan Area	115,845
Pau Metropolitan Area	112,672
Troyes Metropolitan Area	109,941
Papeete Metropolitan Area (French Polynesia)	109,747
Besançon Metropolitan Area	108,712
Le Port Metropolitan Area (Reunion)	105,572
Annecy Metropolitan Area	102,728
Nîmes Metropolitan Area	101,743
Valenciennes Metropolitan Area	101,583

---

Germany

Metropolitan regions in Germany by definition, are the eleven urban areas that are the most densely populated areas in the Federal Republic of Germany. They comprise the major German cities and their surrounding catchment areas and form the political, commercial and cultural centers of the country. For urban centers outside metropolitan areas, that generate a similar attraction at smaller scale for their region, the concept of the Regiopolis and respectively regiopolitan area or region was introduced by German professors in 2006.

Urban population rate: 79% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Ruhr (Bonn + Cologne + Düsseldorf + Wuppertal + Dortmund + Hagen)	7,822,542
Berlin Conurbation	3,775,954
Hamburg Metropolitan Area	1,841,656
Munich Metropolitan Area	1,827,704
Frankfurt Conurbation	1,505,111
Stuttgart Conurbation	1,117,893
Nuremberg Metropolitan Area	759,135
Hanover Metropolitan Area	663,997
Leipzig Metropolitan Area	585,335
Dresden Metropolitan Area	566,233
Bremen Metropolitan Area	559,521
Mannheim Metropolitan Area	456,549
Augsburg Metropolitan Area	312,094
Karlsruhe Metropolitan Area	286,982
Aachen Metropolitan Area (Aachen + Kerkrade)	226,264
Kassel Metropolitan Area	222,869
Bielefeld Metropolitan Area	214,193
Kiel Metropolitan Area	209,786
Münster Metropolitan Area	207,455
Heidelberg Metropolitan Area	196,429
Magdeburg Metropolitan Area	193,706
Halle Metropolitan Area	185,076
Braunschweig Metropolitan Area	180,612
Freiburg im Breisgau Metropolitan Area	179,912
Rostock Metropolitan Area	168,453
Chemnitz Metropolitan Area	168,021
Lübeck Metropolitan Area	150,413
Saarbrücken Metropolitan Area	146,109
Oldenburg Metropolitan Area	144,961
Erfurt Metropolitan Area	141,749
Koblenz Metropolitan Area	138,095
Regensburg Metropolitan Area	133,794
Würzburg Metropolitan Area	121,062
Heilbronn Metropolitan Area	121,015
Bremerhaven Metropolitan Area	116,975
Darmstadt Metropolitan Area	116,051
Osnabrück Metropolitan Area	105,944
Ulm Metropolitan Area	103,439

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Greece

Urban population rate: 68% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Athens Metropolitan Area: 3,166,757
• Thessaloniki Metropolitan Area: 783,450
• Heraklion Metropolitan Area: 159,049
• Patras Metropolitan Area: 146,128
• Larissa Metropolitan Area: 118,892

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Hungary

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Budapest Metropolitan Area: 1,743,875
• Debrecen Metropolitan Area: 139,471
• Pecs Metropolitan Area: 123,329
• Szeged Metropolitan Area: 122,060
• Miskolc Metropolitan Area: 115,425

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Iceland

Urban population rate: 73% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Reykjavik Metropolitan Area: 206,895

---

Ireland

Urban population rate: 69% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Dublin Metropolitan Area: 2,082,605
• Cork Metropolitan Area: 137,272

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Italy

In 2001 Italy transformed 14 provinces of some of the country's largest cities into Metropolitan Cities. Therefore, the territory of the Metropolitan City corresponds to that of a standard Italian province.

Urban population rate: 73% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Milano conurbation (Milan + Monza and nearby cities)	3,579,039
Napoli conurbation (Naples + Caserta + Salerno and nearby cities)	3,415,763
Roma conurbation	2,799,884
Torino conurbation	1,243,448
Palermo conurbation	720,937
Florence (Florence + Prato + Pistoia and nearby cities)	711,105
Catania Metropolitan Area	529,493
Genoa Metropolitan Area	523,194
Bologna Metropolitan Area	456,780
Bergamo Metropolitan Area	448,364
Bari Metropolitan Area	311,280
Cagliari Metropolitan Area	257,468
Padua Metropolitan Area	244,498
Brescia Metropolitan Area	243,287
Venice Metropolitan Area	222,475
Verona Metropolitan Area	216,582
Pescara Metropolitan Area	212,590
Messina Metropolitan Area	178,836
Trieste Metropolitan Area	178,655
Modena Metropolitan Area	155,015
Como Metropolitan Area	151,878
Livorno Metropolitan Area	149,983
Parma Metropolitan Area	148,518
Taranto Metropolitan Area	136,105
Reggio Calabria Metropolitan Area	128,270
Foggia Metropolitan Area	126,645
Rimini Metropolitan Area	126,273
Vicenza Metropolitan Area	121,637
Reggio Emilia Metropolitan Area	119,756
Bolzano Metropolitan Area	107,197
Massa Metropolitan Area	101,572
Udine Metropolitan Area	101,454

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Kosovo

Urban population rate: 42% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Pristina Metropolitan Area: 218,971

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Latvia

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Riga Metropolitan Area: 516,897

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Lithuania

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Vilnius Metropolitan Area: 339,420
• Kaunas Metropolitan Area: 236,910
• Klaipeda Metropolitan Area: 103,210

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Luxembourg

Urban population rate: 88% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Luxembourg City Metropolitan Area: 161,303

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Malta

Urban population rate: 89% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Birkirkara Metropolitan Area (Valletta and nearby cities): 366,066

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Moldova

Urban population rate: 55% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Chisinau Metropolitan Area: 450,581

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Montenegro

Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Podgorica Metropolitan Area: 152,731

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Netherlands

Urban population rate: 86% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Rotterdam Conurbation (Rotterdam + Delft + The Hague + Zoetermeer)	2,173,754
Amsterdam Conurbation	1,223,407
Utrecht Metropolitan Area	519,237
Eindhoven Metropolitan Area	293,438
Leiden Metropolitan Area	268,631
Dordrecht Metropolitan Area	252,512
Haarlem Metropolitan Area	207,592
Tilburg Metropolitan Area	206,798
Arnhem Metropolitan Area	194,293
Nijmegen Metropolitan Area	190,473
Amersfoort Metropolitan Area	186,756
Almere Metropolitan Area	185,506
Breda Metropolitan Area	177,734
Alkmaar Metropolitan Area	171,003
Groningen Metropolitan Area	167,782
Willemstad (Curacao) Metropolitan Area	162,059
Heerlen Metropolitan Area	160,135
's-Hertongenbosch Metropolitan Area	144,486
Apeldoorn Metropolitan Area	133,570
Enschede Metropolitan Area	129,372
Maastricht Metropolitan Area	124,921
Zwolle Metropolitan Area	120,061

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North Macedonia

Urban population rate: 67% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Skopje Metropolitan Area: 402,733

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Norway

Urban population rate: 84% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Oslo Metropolitan Area: 889,573
• Stavanger Metropolitan Area: 205,533
• Bergen Metropolitan Area: 148,237
• Trondheim Metropolitan Area: 142,104

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Poland

Urban population rate: 68% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Warsaw Metropolitan Area	3,189,533
Katowice conurbation	2,521,341
Gdansk Metropolitan Area	1,615,013
Krakow Metropolitan Area	1,423,151
Poznań Metropolitan Area	996,285
Lodz Metropolitan Area	907,154
Wroclaw Metropolitan Area	890,236
Lublin Metropolitan Area	320,313
Bialystok Metropolitan Area	289,226
Szczecin Metropolitan Area	269,836
Walbrzych Metropolitan Area	182,732
Rzeszow Metropolitan Area	180,696
Bielsko-Biala Metropolitan Area	136,717

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Portugal

Urban population rate: 68% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Lisbon Metropolitan Area: 2,443,987
• Porto Metropolitan Area: 1,060,250
• Funchal Metropolitan Area: 135,362

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Romania

Urban population rate: 65% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Bucharest Metropolitan Area	1,971,350
Cluj-Napoca Metropolitan Area	321,095
Iasi Metropolitan Area	304,851
Timisoara Metropolitan Area	288,523
Constanta Metropolitan Area	273,012
Craiova Metropolitan Area	260,150
Galati Metropolitan Area	232,217
Brasov Metropolitan Area	230,438
Ploiesti Metropolitan Area	187,350
Oradea Metropolitan Area	156,341
Giurgiu Metropolitan Area	141,675
Braila Metropolitan Area	138,888
Pitesti Metropolitan Area	132,100
Targu-Mures Metropolitan Area	118,255
Sibiu Metropolitan Area	117,695
Bacau Metropolitan Area	117,407
Arad Metropolitan Area	112,052
Oltenita Metropolitan Area	108,928

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Russia

Urban population rate: 78% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Moscow Metropolitan Area: 14,384,082

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Serbia

Urban population rate: 63% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Belgrade Metropolitan Area: 1,200,547
• Novi Sad Metropolitan Area: 286,753
• Nis Metropolitan Area: 219,095
• Kragujevac Metropolitan Area: 140,856

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Slovakia

Urban population rate: 62% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Bratislava Metropolitan Area: 310,204
• Košice Metropolitan Area: 223,173

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Slovenia

Urban population rate: 57% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Ljubljana Metropolitan Area: 252,736

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Spain

Urban population rate: 82% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Madrid	5,680,137
Barcelona	3,908,362
Valencia Metropolitan Area	1,404,208
Bilbao Metropolitan Area	729,222
Seville Metropolitan Area	696,193
Zaragoza Metropolitan Area	624,271
Málaga Metropolitan Area	522,827
Palma de Mallorca Metropolitan Area	467,468
Las Palmas Metropolitan Area	378,494
Granada Metropolitan Area	362,800
Murcia Metropolitan Area	341,431
Alicante Metropolitan Area	331,089
Santa Cruz de Tenerife Metropolitan Area	324,645
Pamplona Metropolitan Area	296,609
Valladolid Metropolitan Area	290,636
Vigo Metropolitan Area	265,407
A Coruña Metropolitan Area	249,861
Gijón Metropolitan Area	229,261
Algeciras Metropolitan Area	215,007
San Sebastián Metropolitan Area	214,645
Santander Metropolitan Area	206,816
Vitoria-Gasteiz Metropolitan Area	203,909
Alcalá de Henares Metropolitan Area	184,497
Oviedo Metropolitan Area	170,846
Almería Metropolitan Area	169,121
Castellón de la Plana Metropolitan Area	158,875
Salamanca Metropolitan Area	143,857
Logroño Metropolitan Area	142,370
Ceuta Metropolitan Area	137,945
Girona Metropolitan Area	132,100
Tarragona Metropolitan Area	131,944
Jerez de la Frontera Metropolitan Area	130,424
Cádiz Metropolitan Area	130,037
Melilla Metropolitan Area	126,133
Mataró Metropolitan Area	123,418
Marbella Metropolitan Area	119,627
Burgos Metropolitan Area	117,187
Huelva Metropolitan Area	113,533
Torrevieja Metropolitan Area	105,360

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Sweden

The list of metropolitan areas in Sweden is collated based on statistics of commuting between central municipalities and surrounding municipalities and taking into account existing planning cooperation in the country's three geographic regions. They were defined around 1965. In 2005, a number of further municipalities were added to the defined areas.

Urban population rate: 88% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Stockholm Metropolitan Area: 1,543,892
• Gothenburg Metropolitan Area: 599,675
• Malmo Metropolitan Area: 339,007
• Uppsala Metropolitan Area: 133,611
• Helsingborg Metropolitan Area: 106,339
• Vasteras Metropolitan Area: 104,147

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Switzerland

Urban population rate: 77% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Zurich Metropolitan Area: 689,208
• Geneva Metropolitan Area (Geneve + Annemasse): 433,727
• Lausanne Metropolitan Area: 288,888
• Basel Metropolitan Area (Basel + Lorrach + Buschwiller): 285,823
• Bern Metropolitan Area: 193,474
• Lucerne Metropolitan Area: 146,604

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Ukraine

Boundaries are referred to the Treaty on the Russian–Ukrainian border signed in 2003.

Urban population rate: 73% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
Kyiv Metropolitan Area	2,575,199
Kharkiv Metropolitan Area	1,284,380
Odesa Metropolitan Area	977,813
Dnipro Metropolitan Area	761,540
Donetsk Metropolitan Area	690,522
Zaporizhzhia Metropolitan Area	624,951
Lviv Metropolitan Area	604,320
Kryvyi Rih Metropolitan Area	471,275
Mykolaiv Metropolitan Area	412,070
Vinnytsia Metropolitan Area	383,836
Mariupol Metropolitan Area	363,415
Luhansk Metropolitan Area	342,311
Simferopol Metropolitan Area	338,634
Chernihiv Metropolitan Area	278,668
Cherkasy Metropolitan Area	278,510
Poltava Metropolitan Area	275,189
Khmelnytskyi Metropolitan Area	259,104
Kherson Metropolitan Area	246,357
Zhytomyr Metropolitan Area	242,883
Chernivtsi Metropolitan Area	240,725
Ivano-Frankivsk Metropolitan Area	237,552
Rivne Metropolitan Area	228,212
Kropyvnytskyi Metropolitan Area	225,913
Kamianske Metropolitan Area	223,589
Lutsk Metropolitan Area	218,316
Sumy Metropolitan Area	214,376
Kremenchuk Metropolitan Area	213,125
Bialitserkva Metropolitan Area	207,328
Horlivka Metropolitan Area	195,806
Sevastopol Metropolitan Area	189,598
Ternopil Metropolitan Area	187,740
Melitopol Metropolitan Area	166,662
Kramatorsk Metropolitan Area	150,246
Alchevsk Metropolitan Area	139,091
Nikopol Metropolitan Area	132,379
Sloviansk Metropolitan Area	132,301
Uzhhorod Metropolitan Area	124,809

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom's Office for National Statistics defines "travel to work areas" as areas where "at least 75% of an area's resident workforce work in the area and at least 75% of the people who work in the area also live in the area". Beginners' guide to UK geography - Travel to Work Areas (TTWAs) Office for National Statistics The European Union's ESPON group has compiled a separate list of metropolitan areas which covers the UK. Industrial and housing growth in the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries produced many conurbations. Greater London is by far the largest urban area and is usually counted as a conurbation in statistical terms, but differs from the others in the degree to which it is focused on a single central area. In the mid-1950s the Green Belt was introduced to stem the further urbanisation of the countryside in South East England. The list below shows the most populous urban areas in the UK as defined by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). Different organisations define conurbations in the UK differently for example, the Liverpool–Manchester or the Manchester–Liverpool conurbation is defined as one conurbation by AESOP in a comparison report published by the University of Manchester in 2005 found here. The Liverpool–Manchester Conurbation has a population of 5.68 million.

Urban population rate: 89% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

+ !Name !Population
London Conurbation	11,360,327
Manchester-Liverpool Conurbation	4,876,538
Birmingham Conurbation	2,617,211
Leeds Conurbation	1,776,717
Glasgow Conurbation	1,360,653
Sheffield Conurbation	1,071,442
Newcastle upon Tyne Conurbation	1,037,509
Bristol Metropolitan Area	680,809
Nottingham Metropolitan Area	650,703
Cardiff Metropolitan Area	558,406
Edinburgh Metropolitan Area	530,165
Leicester Metropolitan Area	527,124
Portsmouth Metropolitan Area	480,317
Brighton Metropolitan Area	456,337
Coventry Metropolitan Area	437,237
Belfast Metropolitan Area	437,125
Bournemouth Metropolitan Area	382,597
Southampton Metropolitan Area	374,413
Middlesbrough Metropolitan Area	351,680
Stoke-on-Trent Metropolitan Area	329,688
Kingston upon Hull Metropolitan Area	321,006
Reading Metropolitan Area	273,287
Derby Metropolitan Area	271,899
Luton Metropolitan Area	268,353
Southend-on-Sea Metropolitan Area	265,744
Plymouth Metropolitan Area	252,928
Gillingham Metropolitan Area	247,682
Northampton Metropolitan Area	219,781
Milton Keynes Metropolitan Area	205,060
Aberdeen Metropolitan Area	193,155
Swindon Metropolitan Area	192,422
Peterborough Metropolitan Area	189,937
Blackpool Metropolitan Area	189,730
Norwich Metropolitan Area	188,535
Ipswich Metropolitan Area	171,226
Oxford Metropolitan Area	168,021
Dundee Metropolitan Area	158,327
York Metropolitan Area	151,629
Swansea Metropolitan Area	150,621
Gloucester Metropolitan Area	145,718
Cambridge Metropolitan Area	136,064
Telford Metropolitan Area	135,270
Margate Metropolitan Area	128,756
Grimsby Metropolitan Area	126,609
Colchester Metropolitan Area	120,251
Polegate Metropolitan Area	117,257
Cheltenham Metropolitan Area	116,046
Lincoln Metropolitan Area	115,775
Torquay Metropolitan Area	111,323
Exeter Metropolitan Area	110,292
Basingstoke Metropolitan Area	109,911
Camberley Metropolitan Area	108,988
High Wycombe Metropolitan Area	108,858
Bedford Metropolitan Area	107,556
Crawley Metropolitan Area	106,964
Chelmsford Metropolitan Area	106,499
Maidstone Metropolitan Area	105,233
Basildon Metropolitan Area	104,556
Worcester Metropolitan Area	101,123

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North America

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Canada

In Canada, a census metropolitan area (CMA) or census agglomeration (CA) consists of one or more neighboring municipalities centered around a core population. A CMA requires a total population of at least 100,000, with 50,000 or more residing in the core, while a CA requires a core population of at least 10,000. Both are determined using data from Canada's Census of Population Program, and surrounding municipalities must demonstrate strong economic integration with the core, measured by commuting patterns.

Urban population rate: 85% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Toronto Metropolitan Area: 5,566,382
• Montreal Metropolitan Area: 3,221,844
• Vancouver Metropolitan Area: 2,198,107
• Calgary Metropolitan Area: 1,524,649
• Edmonton Metropolitan Area: 1,144,486

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United States

As of February 28, 2013, the United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defined 1,098 for the metropolitan areas of the United States and Puerto Rico. These 1,098 statistical areas comprise 929 Core-Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs) and 169 Combined Statistical Areas (CSAs). The 929 Core-Based Statistical Areas are divided into 388 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs – 381 for the U.S. and seven for Puerto Rico) and 541 Micropolitan Statistical Areas (μSAs – 536 for the U.S. and five for Puerto Rico). The 169 Combined Statistical Areas (166 for the U.S. and three for Puerto Rico) each comprise two or more adjacent Core Based Statistical Areas.

The OMB defines a Metropolitan Statistical Area as one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents that have at least one urban area of at least 50,000 population, plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of economic and social integration with the core as measured by commuting ties. The OMB then defines a Combined Statistical Area as consisting of various combinations of adjacent metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas with economic ties measured by commuting patterns. The Office of Management and Budget further defines a core-based statistical area (CBSA) to be a geographical area that consists of one or more counties (or equivalents) anchored by an urban center of at least 10,000 people plus adjacent counties that are socioeconomically tied to the urban center by commuting.

Urban population rate: 86% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

1. New York metropolitan area (including Newark and Jersey): 14,197,659
2. Los Angeles metropolitan area: 13,474,333
3. Miami metropolitan area: 5,733,042
4. Chicago metropolitan area: 5,318,735
5. Houston metropolitan area: 4,301,461
6. San Francisco metropolitan area: 4,178,349
7. Washington metropolitan area: 3,471,725
8. Phoenix metropolitan area: 2,608,874
9. Dallas metropolitan area: 2,577,308
10. Denver metropolitan area: 2,425,086
11. Las Vegas metropolitan area: 2,371,780
12. Philadelphia metropolitan area: 2,286,396
13. Seattle metropolitan area: 2,099,643
14. San Diego metropolitan area: 1,977,279
15. Detroit metropolitan area: 1,918,653
16. Portland metropolitan area: 1,839,776
17. Mesa metropolitan area: 1,724,503 (a subregion of the Phoenix metropolitan area)
18. Sacramento metropolitan area: 1,697,184
19. Boston metropolitan area: 1,669,310
20. Austin metropolitan area: 1,580,153
21. San Antonio metropolitan area: 1,513,874
22. Orlando metropolitan area: 1,231,650
23. Minneapolis metropolitan area: 1,217,972
24. Baltimore metropolitan area: 1,127,338
25. Salt Lake City metropolitan area: 1,108,953

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Mexico

Metropolitan areas are known as zonas metropolitanas in Mexico. The National Population Council (CONAPO) defines them as:

• a set of two or more municipalities where a city with a population of at least 100,000 is located, and whose urban area, functions and activities exceed the limits of the municipality.
• municipalities with a city of more than 500,000 inhabitants, or a city of more than 200,000 inhabitants located in the northern and southern border areas and in the coastal zone.
• municipalities where state capitals are located, if they are not already included in a metropolitan zone.

Urban population rate: 82% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Mexico City Metropolitan Area: 17,639,164
• Guadalajara Metropolitan Area: 4,138,350
• Monterrey Metropolitan Area: 4,001,151
• Puebla Metropolitan Area: 1,949,860
• Toluca Metropolitan Area: 1,594,046
• Tijuana Metropolitan Area: 1,538,301
• Leon Metropolitan Area: 1,384,014
• Torreon Metropolitan Area: 1,363,776
• Ciudad Juarez Metropolitan Area: 1,214,949
• San Luis Potosi Metropolitan Area: 1,005,068

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Oceania

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Australia

The Australian Bureau of Statistics uses Greater Capital City Statistical Areas (GCCSAs), which are geographical areas designed to represent the functional extent of each of the eight state and territory capital cities. They were designed to reflect labor markets, using the 2011 Census "travel to work" data. Labor markets are sometimes used as proxy measures of the functional extent of a city as it contains the majority of the commuting population. GCCSAs replaced "Statistical Divisions" used until 2011.

Other metropolitan areas in Australia include cross border cities or continuous built-up areas between two or more cities that are connected by an extensive public transport network that allows for commuting for work or services.

• Albury-Wodonga
• Canberra-Queanbeyan
• Newcastle-Sydney-Wollongong
• Perth-Mandurah
• South East Queensland
• Melbourne-Geelong

Urban population rate: 91% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Sydney Metropolitan Area: 4,375,394
• Melbourne Metropolitan Area: 4,010,658
• Brisbane Metropolitan Area: 1,359,105
• Perth Metropolitan Area: 1,357,382
• Adelaide Metropolitan Area: 938,328
• Point Cook Metropolitan Area: 501,408
• Gold Coast Metropolitan Area: 279,191
• Newcastle Metropolitan Area: 205,366
• North Lakes Metropolitan Area: 179,797
• Geelong Metropolitan Area: 165,825
• Wollongong Metropolitan Area: 149,057
• Langwarrin Metropolitan Area: 122,179
• Thuringowa Metropolitan Area: 107,619
• Butler Metropolitan Area: 106,621
• Campbelltown Metropolitan Area: 104,044
• Huntfield Heights Metropolitan Area: 103,948

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Fiji

Urban population rate: 58% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Suva Metropolitan Area: 242,910

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New Zealand

Urban population rate: 89% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Auckland Metropolitan Area: 1,673,898
• Christchurch Metropolitan Area: 278,356
• Hamilton Metropolitan Area: 176,223
• Wellington Metropolitan Area: 154,120
• Tauranga Metropolitan Area: 122,546

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Papua New Guinea

Urban population rate: 12% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Port Moresby Metropolitan Area: 442,165
• Mendi Metropolitan Area: 125,843
• Lae Metropolitan Area: 116,212
• Madang Metropolitan Area: 110,610
• Mount Hagen Metropolitan Area: 100,524

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Solomon Islands

Urban population rate: 25% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Honiara Metropolitan Area: 137,201

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South America

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Argentina

Urban population rate: 95% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area: 14,179,912
• Cordoba Metropolitan Area: 1,468,197
• Rosario Metropolitan Area: 1,187,382
• Mendoza Metropolitan Area: 1,063,217

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Bolivia

Urban population rate: 71% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• La Paz Metropolitan Area: 2,063,633
• Santa Cruz de la Sierra Metropolitan Area: 2,016,833
• Cochabamba Metropolitan Area: 1,357,548

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Brazil

The IBGE defines also "Immediate Geographic Areas" (formerly termed microregions) which capture the region "surrounding urban centers for the supply of immediate needs of the population". Intended for policy planning purposes, as of March 2021 census data is not tabulated on the level of these Areas, but instead at the municipality or state level.

Urban population rate: 89% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area: 19,485,158
• Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area: 9,853,693
• Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Area: 4,376,747
• Recife Metropolitan Area: 3,847,558
• Salvador Metropolitan Area: 3,305,396
• Fortaleza Metropolitan Area: 3,324,149
• Porto Alegre Metropolitan Area: 2,763,350
• Curitiba Metropolitan Area: 2,512,877
• Goiania Metropolitan Area: 2,457,483
• Manaus Metropolitan Area: 2,368,805
• Belem Metropolitan Area: 2,192,375
• Brasilia Metropolitan Area: 1,799,121
• Niteroi Metropolitan Area: 1,734,951
• Vitoria Metropolitan Area: 1,291,834
• Sao Luis Metropolitan Area: 1,272,247
• Natal Metropolitan Area: 1,133,224
• Santos Metropolitan Area: 1,128,178
• Joao Pessoa Metropolitan Area: 1,120,243
• Maceio Metropolitan Area: 1,046,071

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Chile

There are three metropolitan areas in Chile, the biggest and most important one is the Gran Santiago in the Santiago Metropolitan Region. The other two metro areas are Gran Valparaiso in the Valparaiso Region with almost a million inhabitants, and Gran Concepción in the Bio Bio Region, with a population of about a million people living in it. Smaller "metropolitan" areas are known as conurbations. Conurbaciones tend to have a bit over 200.000 inhabitants to be considered as such. An example is the Conurbacion de Rancagua, which considers the area shared by the city of Rancagua, and the adjacent smaller towns of Machalí, Gultro and Graneros.

Urban population rate: 92% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Santiago Metropolitan Area: 6,633,767

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Colombia

Urban population rate: 80% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Bogota Metropolitan Area: 10,419,361
• Medellin Metropolitan Area: 3,215,457
• Cali Metropolitan Area: 2,691,616
• Barranquilla Metropolitan Area: 2,166,638
• Bucaramanga Metropolitan Area: 1,304,288

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Ecuador

Urban population rate: 72% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Guayaquil Metropolitan Area: 3,247,674
• Quito Metropolitan Area: 2,605,678

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Guyana

Urban population rate: 33% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Georgetown Metropolitan Area: 130,680

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Paraguay

Urban population rate: 68% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Asuncion Metropolitan Area: 1,175,482

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Peru

Urban population rate: 79% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Lima Metropolitan Area: 10,828,104
• Arequipa Metropolitan Area: 1,004,835

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Suriname

Urban population rate: 75% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Paramaribo Metropolitan Area: 253,626

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Uruguay

Urban population rate: 94% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Montevideo Metropolitan Area: 2,619,222

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Venezuela

Urban population rate: 96% (2024). Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024.

• Caracas Metropolitan Area: 2,667,322
• Maracaibo Metropolitan Area: 2,142,105
• Valencia Metropolitan Area: 1,601,249

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See also

Developed environments Economic restructuring Metropolitan statistical area Metropolitan economy Urban sprawl Urban heat island | style="vertical-align:top;"	Lists of metropolitan areas List of metropolitan areas that overlap multiple countries List of metropolitan areas by population List of metropolitan areas in Asia List of metropolitan areas in Africa List of metropolitan areas in the Americas List of North American metropolitan areas by population List of Metropolitan Statistical Areas List of metropolitan areas in Europe List of metropolitan areas (LUZ) in the European Union Metropolitan planning theories New Urbanism Smart growth Transit-oriented development | style="vertical-align:top;"	Terms Amalgamation (politics) Census metropolitan area Combined statistical area Consolidated city-county Conurbation Ecumenopolis Industrial region Larger urban zone (LUZ) Megacity Megalopolis (city type) Metrobus Metropolis Overpopulation Urban sprawl Urban area World's largest cities

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External links

• (page 1 illustrates metropolitan area versus city proper and urban agglomeration)
• Geopolis: research group, university of Paris-Diderot, France — Urbanization of the world

Categories: Cities, Capitals, Urban Geography